SPINK1

The protein encoded by this gene is a trypsin inhibitor, which is secreted from pancreatic acinar cells into pancreatic juice. It is thought to function in the prevention of trypsin-catalyzed premature activation of zymogens within the pancreas and the pancreatic duct. Mutations in this gene are associated with hereditary pancreatitis and tropical calcific pancreatitis. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

Full Name

Serine Peptidase Inhibitor, Kazal Type 1

Function

Serine protease inhibitor which exhibits anti-trypsin activity (PubMed:7142173).
In the pancreas, protects against trypsin-catalyzed premature activation of zymogens (By similarity).
In the male reproductive tract, binds to sperm heads where it modulates sperm capacitance by inhibiting calcium uptake and nitrogen oxide (NO) production.

Biological Process

Biological Process cellular response to peptide hormone stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of calcium ion importIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transductionIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activityIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process nitric oxide mediated signal transductionIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of pancreatic juice secretionIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of peptide hormone secretionIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process regulation of acrosome reactionIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process regulation of store-operated calcium entryIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to ethanolIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to nutrient levelsIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process sperm capacitationIEA:Ensembl

Cellular Location

Secreted

Involvement in disease

Pancreatitis, hereditary (PCTT):
A disease characterized by pancreas inflammation, permanent destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, maldigestion, and severe abdominal pain attacks.
Tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP):
Idiopathic, juvenile, nonalcoholic form of chronic pancreatitis widely prevalent in several tropical countries. It can be associated with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) depending on both environmental and genetic factors. TCP differs from alcoholic pancreatitis by a much younger age of onset, pancreatic calcification, a high incidence of insulin dependent but ketosis resistant diabetes mellitus, and an exceptionally high incidence of pancreatic cancer.