Tex19.1

Tex19.1 is required during spermatogenesis and placenta development, participating in the repression of retrotransposable elements and preventing their mobilization. With its paralog, Tex19.2, collaborates with the Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins. Tex19.1 interacts with Piwi proteins and directly binds piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements.

Full Name

Testis Expressed gene 19.1

Function

Required during spermatogenesis and placenta development, participating in the repression of retrotransposable elements and prevent their mobilization. Collaborates with the Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins. Interacts with Piwi proteins and directly binds piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements. Also during spermatogenesis, promotes, with UBR2, SPO11-dependent recombination foci to accumulate and drive robust homologous chromosome synapsis (By similarity).
Interacts with LINE-1 retrotransposon encoded LIRE1, stimulates LIRE1 polyubiquitination, mediated by UBR2, and degradation, inhibiting LINE-1 retrotransposon mobilization (PubMed:28806172).

Biological Process

Biological Process cell differentiationSource:UniProtKB-KW
Biological Process male gonad developmentSource:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process male meiotic nuclear divisionSource:UniProtKB
Biological Process negative regulation of transpositionSource:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process placenta developmentSource:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process reciprocal meiotic recombinationSource:UniProtKB
Biological Process spermatogenesisSource:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm
Was initially reported to localize in the nucleus. However, it was later shown to localize in cytoplasm only. Cytoplasmic localization is distinct from the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis.