Mouse Anti-IGHM Recombinant Antibody (A441) (CBMAB-AP10829LY)

Immunoglobulin Heavy Constant Mu

Immunoglobulins (Ig) are the antigen recognition molecules of B cells. An Ig molecule is made up of 2 identical heavy chains and 2 identical light chains (see MIM 147200) joined by disulfide bonds so that each heavy chain is linked to a light chain and the 2 heavy chains are linked together. Each Ig heavy chain has an N-terminal variable (V) region containing the antigen-binding site and a C-terminal constant (C) region, encoded by an individual C region gene, that determines the isotype of the antibody and provides effector or signaling functions. The heavy chain V region is encoded by 1 each of 3 types of genes: V genes (see MIM 147070), joining (J) genes (see MIM 147010), and diversity (D) genes (see MIM 146910). The C region genes are clustered downstream of the V region genes within the heavy chain locus on chromosome 14. The IGHM gene encodes the C region of the mu heavy chain, which defines the IgM isotype. Naive B cells express the transmembrane forms of IgM and IgD (see IGHD; MIM 1471770) on their surface. During an antibody response, activated B cells can switch to the expression of individual downstream heavy chain C region genes by a process of somatic recombination known as isotype switching. In addition, secreted Ig forms that act as antibodies can be produced by alternative RNA processing of the heavy chain C region sequences. Although the membrane forms of all Ig isotypes are monomeric, secreted IgM forms pentamers, and occasionally hexamers, in plasma (summary by Janeway et al., 2005).[supplied by OMIM, Aug 2010]

Immunoglobulin Heavy Constant Mu

E-AB-27713

Adaptive immune response Source: UniProtKB
Antibacterial humoral response Source: UniProtKB
B cell receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Complement activation, classical pathway Source: GO_Central
Defense response to bacterium Source: GO_Central
Defense response to Gram-negative bacterium Source: UniProtKB
Innate immune response Source: UniProtKB
Phagocytosis, engulfment Source: GO_Central
Phagocytosis, recognition Source: GO_Central
Positive regulation of B cell activation Source: GO_Central

Isoform 1: Secreted. During differentiation, B-lymphocytes switch from expression of membrane-bound IgM to secretion of IgM.
Isoform 2: Cell membrane

Agammaglobulinemia 1, autosomal recessive (AGM1):
A primary immunodeficiency characterized by profoundly low or absent serum antibodies and low or absent circulating B cells due to an early block of B-cell development. Affected individuals develop severe infections in the first years of life.