ACSL5

The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of the long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme is highly expressed in uterus and spleen, and in trace amounts in normal brain, but has markedly increased levels in malignant gliomas. This gene functions in mediating fatty acid-induced glioma cell growth. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Full Name

Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 5

Function

Catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to their active form acyl-CoAs for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation. ACSL5 may activate fatty acids from exogenous sources for the synthesis of triacylglycerol destined for intracellular storage (By similarity). Utilizes a wide range of saturated fatty acids with a preference for C16-C18 unsaturated fatty acids (By similarity). It was suggested that it may also stimulate fatty acid oxidation (By similarity). At the villus tip of the crypt-villus axis of the small intestine may sensitize epithelial cells to apoptosis specifically triggered by the death ligand TRAIL. May have a role in the survival of glioma cells.

Biological Process

Lipid biosynthetic process
Long-chain fatty acid metabolic process
Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA biosynthetic process
Positive regulation of long-chain fatty acid import across plasma membrane
Regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Cellular Location

Cell membrane; Mitochondrion; Mitochondrion outer membrane; Endoplasmic reticulum; Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Topology

Helical: 12-32 aa
Cytoplasmic: 33-683 aa