CHAC1

This gene encodes a member of the gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase family of proteins. The encoded protein has been shown to promote neuronal differentiation by deglycination of the Notch receptor, which prevents receptor maturation and inhibits Notch signaling. This protein may also play a role in the unfolded protein response, and in regulation of glutathione levels and oxidative balance in the cell. Elevated expression of this gene may indicate increased risk of cancer recurrence among breast and ovarian cancer patients. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016]

Full Name

ChaC Glutathione Specific Gamma-Glutamylcyclotransferase 1

Function

Catalyzes the cleavage of glutathione into 5-oxo-L-proline and a Cys-Gly dipeptide. Acts specifically on glutathione, but not on other gamma-glutamyl peptides (PubMed:27913623).
Glutathione depletion is an important factor for apoptosis initiation and execution. Acts as a pro-apoptotic component of the unfolded protein response pathway by mediating the pro-apoptotic effects of the ATF4-ATF3-DDIT3/CHOP cascade (PubMed:19109178).
Negative regulator of Notch signaling pathway involved in embryonic neurogenesis: acts by inhibiting Notch cleavage by furin, maintaining Notch in an immature inactive form, thereby promoting neurogenesis in embryos (PubMed:22445366).

Biological Process

Glutathione biosynthetic process Source: Reactome
Glutathione catabolic process Source: GO_Central
Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of protein processing Source: UniProtKB
Neurogenesis Source: UniProtKB
Notch signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB-KW
Response to unfolded protein Source: UniProtKB-KW

Cellular Location

Cytosol; Trans-Golgi network