ENSA

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a highly conserved cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein (ARPP) family. This protein was identified as an endogenous ligand for the sulfonylurea receptor, ABCC8/SUR1. ABCC8 is the regulatory subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel, which is located on the plasma membrane of pancreatic beta cells and plays a key role in the control of insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. This protein is thought to be an endogenous regulator of KATP channels. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this protein modulates insulin secretion through the interaction with KATP channel, and this gene has been proposed as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes. At least eight alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Endosulfine Alpha

Protein phosphatase inhibitor that specifically inhibits protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during mitosis. When phosphorylated at Ser-67 during mitosis, specifically interacts with PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) and inhibits its activity, leading to inactivation of PP2A, an essential condition to keep cyclin-B1-CDK1 activity high during M phase (By similarity).

Also acts as a stimulator of insulin secretion by interacting with sulfonylurea receptor (ABCC8), thereby preventing sulfonylurea from binding to its receptor and reducing K(ATP) channel currents.

Cell division Source: UniProtKB-KW
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle Source: UniProtKB
Mitotic cell cycle Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of protein dephosphorylation Source: GO_Central
Regulation of insulin secretion Source: MGI
Response to glucose Source: Ensembl
Response to nutrient Source: ProtInc

Cytoplasm

Phosphorylation at Ser-67 by GWL during mitosis is essential for interaction with PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) and subsequent inactivation of PP2A (By similarity). Phosphorylated by PKA.