GNAI2

The protein encoded by this gene is an alpha subunit of guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins). The encoded protein contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and is involved in the hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Full Name

guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2

Function

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division.

Isoform sGi2:
Regulates the cell surface density of dopamine receptors DRD2 by sequestrating them as an intracellular pool.

Biological Process

Adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Cell cycle Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cell division Source: UniProtKB
Cell population proliferation Source: Ensembl
Gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: ProtInc
Negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity Source: ProtInc
Negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of synaptic transmission Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of cell migration Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of renal sodium excretion Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of superoxide anion generation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of urine volume Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Regulation of calcium ion transport Source: Ensembl
Response to nutrient Source: ProtInc
Signal transduction Source: ProtInc

Cellular Location

Centrosome; Cell membrane; Cytoplasm; Membrane. Localizes in the centrosomes of interphase and mitotic cells. Detected at the cleavage furrow and/or the midbody.

PTM

(Microbial infection) Deamidated at Gln-205 by Photorhabdus asymbiotica toxin PAU_02230, blocking GTP hydrolysis of heterotrimeric GNAQ or GNA11 and G-alphai (GNAI1, GNAI2 or GNAI3) proteins, thereby activating RhoA.