GRM7

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and it activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors that have been divided into three groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5, and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3, while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Full Name

glutamate metabotropic receptor 7

Function

G-protein coupled receptor activated by glutamate that regulates axon outgrowth through the MAPK-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway during neuronal development (PubMed:33500274).

Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of downstream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase that it inhibits (PubMed:9473604).

Biological Process

Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Axon development Source: UniProtKB
Chemical synaptic transmission Source: UniProtKB
Glycosylation Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Negative regulation of glutamate secretion Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Source: GO_Central
Sensory perception of sound Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cell membrane

Involvement in disease

Neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures, hypotonia, and brain imaging abnormalities (NEDSHBA):
An autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, hypotonia, severe to profound intellectual disability, early-onset epilepsy, and microcephaly. Neuroimaging shows cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum and hypomyelination in a majority of cases. Death in childhood may occur.

Topology

Extracellular: 35-590
Helical: 591-615
Cytoplasmic: 616-627
Helical: 628-648
Extracellular: 649-654
Helical: 655-675
Cytoplasmic: 676-702
Helical: 703-723
Extracellular: 724-753
Helical: 754-775
Cytoplasmic: 776-788
Helical: 789-810
Extracellular: 811-825
Helical: 826-850
Cytoplasmic: 851-915

PTM

N-glycosylated.