KIR3DL2

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. This gene is one of the "framework" loci that is present on all haplotypes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

Full Name

Killer Cell Immunoglobulin Like Receptor, Three Ig Domains And Long Cytoplasmic Tail 2

Function

Receptor on natural killer (NK) cells and T cells for MHC class I molecules (PubMed:24018270, PubMed:28636952).
Upon binding of peptide-free HLA-F open conformer, negatively regulates NK and T cell effector functions (PubMed:24018270).
Acts as a receptor on astrocytes for HLA-F. Through interaction with HLA-F, may protect motor neurons from astrocyte-induced toxicity (PubMed:26928464).

Biological Process

Cellular defense responseManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Negative regulation of neuron deathManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cell membrane

Topology

Extracellular: 22-340
Helical: 341-360
Cytoplasmic: 361-455