PCLO Antibodies

Structure of PCLO

The Piccolo protein encoded by the PCLO gene is a huge presynaptic matrix protein with a molecular weight of approximately 550 kDa. This significant molecular weight difference mainly stems from the fact that the protein contains multiple specific domains and alternative splicing isomers.

This protein is composed of 4,283 amino acid residues, and its vast multi-domain architecture forms a precise synaptic scaffold network. The protein structure contains a unique calcium-sensitive phospholipid binding domain, which can regulate vesicle circulation in response to synaptic activity. The multiple zinc finger modalities at its N-terminal mediate protein-protein interactions, while the PDZ domain in the central region provides a structural basis for the assembly of the presynaptic active region. This complex multi-domain organization enables Piccolo to coordinate multiple synaptic proteins and maintain the high efficiency of neurotransmitter release.

Fig. 1 Physical map of PCLO gene locus and SNP rs13438494 location in PCLO.¹

Key structural properties of PCLO:

• Having a complex multi-domain assembly architecture
• Contains a unique zinc finger motif interacting with the PDZ protein domain
• Calcium-sensitive phospholipid binding region
• Synaptic vesicle cycling is cooperatively regulated by multiple functional modules

Functions of PCLO

The core function of PCLO protein lies in regulating the release of neurotransmitters and maintaining synaptic plasticity. In addition, it is also involved in a variety of neurodevelopmental and pathological processes, including the occurrence of mood disorders and the maintenance of synaptic homeostasis.

The PCLO protein, through its multi-domain molecular platform, integrates multiple presynaptic proteins and signaling pathways to form a synergistic regulatory network far exceeding a single function, which explains its extensive importance in the nervous system.

Applications of PCLO and PCLO Antibody in Literature

1. Cohen-Paes, Amanda de Nazare, et al. "Characterization of PCLO gene in Amazonian Native American populations." Genes 13.3 (2022): 499. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13030499

This study is the first to analyze the PCLO gene variations of the indigenous Amazon people, finding that loci such as rs17156844 occur at a significantly higher frequency in this population than in other global groups, revealing the unique PCLO gene characteristics of the indigenous Amazon population in Brazil.

2. Igata, R., et al. "PCLO rs2522833-mediated gray matter volume reduction in patients with drug-naive, first-episode major depressive disorder." Translational Psychiatry 7.5 (2017): e1140-e1140. https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2017.100

Research has found that in patients with first-onset depression who have not received medication, the C allele of the PCLO gene rs2522833 is associated with a significant reduction in left temporal pole gray matter volume and an increase in plasma cortisol levels, revealing that this gene variation may be involved in the pathological mechanism of depression by influencing brain structure.

3. Liu Y, Zhang Y, et al. "PCLO Is Associated with Tumor Mutational Burden and Immunity in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 47.6 (2025): 426. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47060426

Research has found that in oral squamous cell carcinoma, PCLO gene mutations are associated with a higher tumor mutation burden and a poorer overall survival period. Multivariate analysis confirmed that PCLO is an independent prognostic factor, and its mutations may affect the immune response, suggesting that it can serve as a potential prognostic predictor biomarker.

4. Vrijsen, Janna N., et al. "No evidence for the association between a polymorphism in the PCLO depression candidate gene with memory bias in remitted depressed patients and healthy individuals." PLoS One 9.11 (2014): e112153. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112153

This study explored the association between the rs2522833 polymorphism of the PCLO gene and emotional memory bias. It was found that the risk allele of this gene was not significantly associated with negative memory bias in both recovered depression patients and healthy individuals, and no interaction was observed between it and childhood stress events.

5. Seo, Seunghee, et al. "Functional analysis of deep intronic SNP rs13438494 in intron 24 of PCLO gene." PLoS One 8.10 (2013): e76960. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076960

This study, through mini-gene analysis, found that the C allele of the PCLO gene variant rs13438494 related to bipolar disorder would reduce splicing efficiency. The mechanism might be that it disrupted or created the binding motif of splicing regulatory proteins, thereby affecting gene function.

Creative Biolabs: PCLO Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality PCLO antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom PCLO Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our PCLO antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.