PLA2G15

PLA2G15 (Phospholipase A2 Group XV) is a protein coding gene. Among its related pathways are Lysosome and Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis. Gene Ontology annotations related to this gene include phospholipid binding and O-acyltransferase activity. An important paralog of the gene is LCAT.

Full Name

Phospholipase A2 group XV

Function

Has dual calcium-independent phospholipase and O-acyltransferase activities with a potential role in glycerophospholipid homeostasis and remodeling of acyl groups of lipophilic alcohols present in acidic cellular compartments (PubMed:10092508, PubMed:11790796, PubMed:20410020, PubMed:23958596, PubMed:29724779, PubMed:25727495).
Catalyzes hydrolysis of the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 or sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 or A2 activity) and transfer it to the hydroxyl group at the first carbon of lipophilic alcohols (O-acyltransferase activity) (PubMed:10092508, PubMed:11790796, PubMed:20410020, PubMed:23958596, PubMed:29724779, PubMed:25727495).
Among preferred fatty acyl donors are phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylserines (PubMed:29724779).
Favors sn-2 over sn-1 deacylation of unsaturated fatty acyl groups of phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines (By similarity).
Among preferred fatty acyl acceptors are natural lipophilic alcohols including short-chain ceramide N-acetyl-sphingosine (C2 ceramide), alkylacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, and acylethanolamides such as anandamide and oleoylethanolamide (PubMed:29724779).
Selectively hydrolyzes the sn-1 fatty acyl group of truncated oxidized phospholipids and may play a role in detoxification of reactive oxidized phospholipids during oxidative stress (PubMed:30830753).
Required for normal phospholipid degradation in alveolar macrophages with potential implications in pulmonary surfactant clearance (By similarity).
At neutral pH, hydrolyzes the sn-1 fatty acyl group of the lysophosphatidylcholines (PubMed:10092508).

Biological Process

Ceramide metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Diacylglycerol biosynthetic processISS:UniProtKB
Fatty acid catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Glycerophospholipid metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Lipid metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Phosphatidylcholine catabolic processISS:UniProtKB
Phosphatidylcholine metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Phosphatidylethanolamine catabolic processISS:UniProtKB
Phosphatidylglycerol metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Phosphatidylserine metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Phospholipid metabolic processTAS:Reactome

Cellular Location

Lysosome
Secreted
Membrane

PTM

N-glycosylated (PubMed:11790796, PubMed:23958596).
N-glycosylation is important for maturation of the enzyme and normal subcellular location (PubMed:23958596).