TALDO1

Transaldolase 1 is a key enzyme of the nonoxidative pentose phosphate pathway providing ribose-5-phosphate for nucleic acid synthesis and NADPH for lipid biosynthesis. This pathway can also maintain glutathione at a reduced state and thus protect sulfhydryl groups and cellular integrity from oxygen radicals. TALDO1 is thought to be involved in multiple sclerosis.

Full Name

Transaldolase 1

Function

Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the non-oxidative phase in the pentose phosphate pathway. Catalyzes the reversible conversion of sedheptulose-7-phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into erythrose-4-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate (PubMed:8955144, PubMed:18687684).
Not only acts as a pentose phosphate pathway enzyme, but also affects other metabolite pathways by altering its subcellular localization between the nucleus and the cytoplasm (By similarity).

Biological Process

Biological Process carbohydrate metabolic processTAS:ProtInc1 Publication
Biological Process fructose 6-phosphate metabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate metabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branchIBA:GO_Central1 Publication

Cellular Location

Isoform 1
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Actively transported into the nucleus in an importin alpha/beta-dependent manner. Exported into the cytoplasm by CRM1.
Isoform 2
Cytoplasm
Imported into the nucleus when incorporated in isoform 1/isoform 2 homodimer.

Involvement in disease

Transaldolase deficiency (TALDOD):
An inborn error of the pentose phosphate pathway resulting in early-onset multisystem disease. Clinical features include growth retardation, dysmorphic features, cutis laxa, congenital heart disease, hepatosplenomegaly, telangiectases of the skin, pancytopenia, and bleeding tendency.