Rabbit Anti-SCD1 Recombinant Antibody (CBXS-0135) (CBMAB-S3126-CQ)

stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1

This gene encodes an enzyme involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, primarily the synthesis of oleic acid. The protein belongs to the fatty acid desaturase family and is an integral membrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Transcripts of approximately 3.9 and 5.2 kb, differing only by alternative polyadenlyation signals, have been detected. A gene encoding a similar enzyme is located on chromosome 4 and a pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 17.

AA589638; AI265570; Scd; Scd-1; ab

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O2 and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates. Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the Delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA (PubMed:11500518, PubMed:11533264, PubMed:16275639, PubMed:16443825, PubMed:26098370).
Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:11500518, PubMed:11533264, PubMed:16443825, PubMed:26098370).
Plays an important role in lipid biosynthesis (PubMed:17127673, PubMed:10899171, PubMed:11500518, PubMed:11441127, PubMed:11533264, PubMed:12177411, PubMed:26098370).
Plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes that are involved in lipogenesis and in regulating mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (PubMed:12177411, PubMed:17127673, PubMed:24356954, PubMed:24295027).
Plays an important role in body energy homeostasis (PubMed:17127673, PubMed:15210843, PubMed:24295027, PubMed:24356954).
Contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides (PubMed:10899171, PubMed:11500518, PubMed:11441127, PubMed:11533264, PubMed:12177411, PubMed:15210843, PubMed:26098370).
Required for normal development of sebaceous glands (PubMed:17738154, PubMed:11533264).
Required for the biosynthesis of normal levels of Delta-9 unsaturated fatty acids and 1-alkyl-2,3-diacylglycerol in the Harderian gland (PubMed:11500518).
Required for normal production of meibum, an oily material that prevents drying of the cornea (PubMed:11533264).

Biological Process brown fat cell differentiationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI
Biological Process cholesterol esterificationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process defense response to Gram-positive bacteriumManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:MGI
Biological Process fatty acid biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:MGI
Biological Process lipid biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:MGI
Biological Process lipid homeostasisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:MGI
Biological Process monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI
Biological Process positive regulation of cholesterol esterificationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:BHF-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:YuBioLab
Biological Process regulation of water loss via skinManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process response to bacteriumManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIEP:MGI
Biological Process response to fatty acidISO:MGI
Biological Process sebaceous gland developmentManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process sterol esterificationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process tarsal gland developmentManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process triglyceride metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic processISO:MGI
Biological Process white fat cell differentiationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Microsome membrane

Defects is Scd1 are the cause of asebia (ab) (PubMed:17738154, PubMed:10545940, PubMed:10854228, PubMed:10899171, PubMed:15278437). The trait is due to spontaneous autosomal recessive mutations that give rise to deletions or point mutations in Scd1. The ab trait has complete penetrance (PubMed:17738154). Ab mice are characterized by reduced body weight, extreme sebaceous gland hypoplasia leading to nearly complete absence of sebaceous glands, and thickened, scaly skin with hyperkeratosis and alopecia (PubMed:17738154, PubMed:10854228, PubMed:15278437). The hair follicles are abnormally long and extend at a sharp angle into the subcutis, probably due to abnormal persistence of inner root sheath. Frequently the hair shaft ruptures through the base of the hair follicle, giving rise to inflammation that results in scarring alopecia (PubMed:10854228, PubMed:15278437). Besides, ab mice display increased transepithelial water loss (PubMed:10854228). Ab mice present a narrow eye fissure and their eyes are nearly closed (PubMed:10854228, PubMed:15278437). Older mice develop blindness (PubMed:17738154). Scd1 activity is almost absent in liver, and is not compensated by expression of another family member (PubMed:10899171). Liver levels of total cholesterol esters are decreased by 87%, while plasma cholesterol levels are increased by 35% (PubMed:10899171). Likewise, skin sterol esters and diol diesters are strongly reduced (PubMed:10854228). Liver triglyceride levels are decreased by 62%, while plasma triglyceride levels are decreased by 67% (PubMed:10899171). The fatty acid composition of liver triglycerides is altered, with a decrease of about 85% in palmitoleate (C16:1) and oleate (C18:1) levels (PubMed:10899171). These defects cannot be compensated by a diet enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:10899171, PubMed:11441127).

Cytoplasmic: 1-68
Helical: 69-89
Lumenal: 90-93
Helical: 94-114
Cytoplasmic: 115-213
Helical: 214-233
Lumenal: 234-237
Helical: 238-259
Cytoplasmic: 260-355