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ACTN4

Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In nonmuscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This gene encodes a nonmuscle, alpha actinin isoform which is concentrated in the cytoplasm, and thought to be involved in metastatic processes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Full Name
Actinin Alpha 4
Function
F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein (Probable). Probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex. The CART complex is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for EGFR degradation. Involved in tight junction assembly in epithelial cells probably through interaction with MICALL2. Links MICALL2 to the actin cytoskeleton and recruits it to the tight junctions (By similarity). May also function as a transcriptional coactivator, stimulating transcription mediated by the nuclear hormone receptors PPARG and RARA.
Biological Process
Negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway
Platelet degranulation
Positive regulation of cell migration
Positive regulation of cellular component movement
Positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling
Positive regulation of sodium:proton antiporter activity
Protein transport
Regulation of apoptotic process
Regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription
Response to hypoxia
Retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway
Tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
Vesicle transport along actin filament
Cellular Location
Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Stress fiber; Cell junction. Localized in cytoplasmic mRNP granules containing untranslated mRNAs. Nuclear translocation can be induced by the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin or by cytochalasin D. Exclusively localized in the nucleus in a limited number of cell lines (breast cancer cell line MCF-7, oral floor cancer IMC-2, and bladder cancer KU-7).
Involvement in disease
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 1 (FSGS1): A renal pathology defined by the presence of segmental sclerosis in glomeruli and resulting in proteinuria, reduced glomerular filtration rate and progressive decline in renal function. Renal insufficiency often progresses to end-stage renal disease, a highly morbid state requiring either dialysis therapy or kidney transplantation.

Anti-ACTN4 antibodies

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Target: ACTN4
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: V2-610951
Application*: WB, E
Target: ACTN4
Host: Rabbit
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human
Clone: V2-630610
Application*: IHC, WB
Target: ACTN4
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human
Clone: V2-161444
Application*: WB, IC, P, E
Target: ACTN4
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Clone: V2-6075
Application*: WB, E, IF, P
Target: ACTN4
Host: Rabbit
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Clone: V2-179650
Application*: WB, IP, P, IC
Target: ACTN4
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human
Clone: V2-12512
Application*: WB, E
Target: ACTN4
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human, Mouse
Clone: V2-12513
Application*: WB, E, F, IH, P, IF
Target: ACTN4
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: V2-12514
Application*: WB, E, IH
For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.
(P): Predicted
* Abbreviations
IFImmunofluorescence
IHImmunohistochemistry
IPImmunoprecipitation
WBWestern Blot
EELISA
MMicroarray
CIChromatin Immunoprecipitation
FFlow Cytometry
FNFunction Assay
IDImmunodiffusion
RRadioimmunoassay
TCTissue Culture
GSGel Supershift
NNeutralization
BBlocking
AActivation
IInhibition
DDepletion
ESELISpot
DBDot Blot
MCMass Cytometry/CyTOF
CTCytotoxicity
SStimulation
AGAgonist
APApoptosis
IMImmunomicroscopy
BABioassay
CSCostimulation
EMElectron Microscopy
IEImmunoelectrophoresis
PAPeptide Array
ICImmunocytochemistry
PEPeptide ELISA
MDMeDIP
SHIn situ hybridization
IAEnzyme Immunoassay
SEsandwich ELISA
PLProximity Ligation Assay
ECELISA(Cap)
EDELISA(Det)
BIBioimaging
IOImmunoassay
LFLateral Flow Immunoassay
LALuminex Assay
CImmunohistochemistry-Frozen Sections
PImmunohistologyp-Paraffin Sections
ISIntracellular Staining for Flow Cytometry
MSElectrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
RIRNA Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation (RIP)
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