CHI3L1

Chitinases catalyze the hydrolysis of chitin, which is an abundant glycopolymer found in insect exoskeletons and fungal cell walls. The glycoside hydrolase 18 family of chitinases includes eight human family members. This gene encodes a glycoprotein member of the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. The protein lacks chitinase activity and is secreted by activated macrophages, chondrocytes, neutrophils and synovial cells. The protein is thought to play a role in the process of inflammation and tissue remodeling. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

Full Name

Chitinase 3 Like 1

Function

Carbohydrate-binding lectin with a preference for chitin. Has no chitinase activity. May play a role in tissue remodeling and in the capacity of cells to respond to and cope with changes in their environment. Plays a role in T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) inflammatory response and IL-13-induced inflammation, regulating allergen sensitization, inflammatory cell apoptosis, dendritic cell accumulation and M2 macrophage differentiation. Facilitates invasion of pathogenic enteric bacteria into colonic mucosa and lymphoid organs. Mediates activation of AKT1 signaling pathway and subsequent IL8 production in colonic epithelial cells. Regulates antibacterial responses in lung by contributing to macrophage bacterial killing, controlling bacterial dissemination and augmenting host tolerance. Also regulates hyperoxia-induced injury, inflammation and epithelial apoptosis in lung.

Biological Process

Activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity Source: UniProtKB
Apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB-KW
Carbohydrate metabolic process Source: InterPro
Cartilage development Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to interleukin-1 Source: Ensembl
Cellular response to tumor necrosis factor Source: UniProtKB
Chitin catabolic process Source: GO_Central
Inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
Lung development Source: UniProtKB
Neutrophil degranulation Source: Reactome
Positive regulation of angiogenesis Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of interleukin-8 production Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling Source: UniProtKB
Response to interleukin-1 Source: UniProtKB
Response to interleukin-6 Source: UniProtKB
Response to mechanical stimulus Source: UniProtKB
Response to tumor necrosis factor Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum; Cytoplasm; Extracellular space; Perinuclear region

Involvement in disease

Asthma-related traits 7 (ASRT7): Asthma-related traits include clinical symptoms of asthma, such as coughing, wheezing, dyspnea, bronchial hyperresponsiveness as assessed by methacholine challenge test, serum IgE levels, atopy and atopic dermatitis.
Schizophrenia (SCZD): A complex, multifactorial psychotic disorder or group of disorders characterized by disturbances in the form and content of thought (e.g. delusions, hallucinations), in mood (e.g. inappropriate affect), in sense of self and relationship to the external world (e.g. loss of ego boundaries, withdrawal), and in behavior (e.g bizarre or apparently purposeless behavior). Although it affects emotions, it is distinguished from mood disorders in which such disturbances are primary. Similarly, there may be mild impairment of cognitive function, and it is distinguished from the dementias in which disturbed cognitive function is considered primary. Some patients manifest schizophrenic as well as bipolar disorder symptoms and are often given the diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder.

PTM

Glycosylated.