HK2

Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes hexokinase 2, the predominant form found in skeletal muscle. It localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Expression of this gene is insulin-responsive, and studies in rat suggest that it is involved in the increased rate of glycolysis seen in rapidly growing cancer cells. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

Hexokinase 2

Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose and D-fructose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate, respectively) (PubMed:23185017, PubMed:26985301, PubMed:29298880).

Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate (PubMed:29298880).

Plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of the outer mitochondrial membrane by preventing the release of apoptogenic molecules from the intermembrane space and subsequent apoptosis (PubMed:18350175).

Apoptotic mitochondrial changes Source: MGI
Canonical glycolysis Source: Reactome
Cellular glucose homeostasis Source: GO_Central
Cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor Source: Ensembl
Establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Glycolytic process Source: GO_Central
Lactation Source: Ensembl
Maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of angiogenesis Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion in response to mitochondrial depolarization Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Regulation of glucose import Source: Ensembl
Response to hypoxia Source: Ensembl
Response to ischemia Source: Ensembl

Mitochondrion outer membrane; Cytosol. The mitochondrial-binding peptide (MBP) region promotes association with the mitochondrial outer membrane (PubMed:29298880). The interaction with the mitochondrial outer membrane via the mitochondrial-binding peptide (MBP) region promotes higher stability of the protein (PubMed:29298880). Release from the mitochondrial outer membrane into the cytosol induces permeability transition pore (PTP) opening and apoptosis (PubMed:18350175).