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Mouse Anti-HK2 (N-terminus) Recombinant Antibody (CBFYH-1231) (CBMAB-H2204-FY)

This product is mouse antibody that recognizes HK2. The antibody CBFYH-1231 can be used for immunoassay techniques such as: ELISA, WB, FC.
See all HK2 antibodies

Summary

Host Animal
Mouse
Specificity
Human, Rat
Clone
CBFYH-1231
Antibody Isotype
IgG1
Application
ELISA, WB, FC

Basic Information

Specificity
Human, Rat
Antibody Isotype
IgG1
Clonality
Monoclonal
Application Notes
The COA includes recommended starting dilutions, optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.

Formulations & Storage [For reference only, actual COA shall prevail!]

Format
Liquid
Buffer
0.1 M Tris-glycine, pH 7.4, 0.15 M NaCl, 50% glycerol
Preservative
0.2% Sodium azide
Storage
Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Epitope
N-terminus

Target

Full Name
Hexokinase 2
Introduction
Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes hexokinase 2, the predominant form found in skeletal muscle. It localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Expression of this gene is insulin-responsive, and studies in rat suggest that it is involved in the increased rate of glycolysis seen in rapidly growing cancer cells.
Entrez Gene ID
Human3099
Rat25059
UniProt ID
HumanP52789
RatP27881
Alternative Names
Hexokinase 2; Muscle Form Hexokinase; Hexokinase Type II; EC 2.7.1.1; HK II; Hexokinase-2, Muscle
Function
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose and D-fructose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate, respectively) (PubMed:23185017, PubMed:26985301, PubMed:29298880).

Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate (PubMed:29298880).

Plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of the outer mitochondrial membrane by preventing the release of apoptogenic molecules from the intermembrane space and subsequent apoptosis (PubMed:18350175).
Biological Process
Apoptotic mitochondrial changes Source: MGI
Canonical glycolysis Source: Reactome
Cellular glucose homeostasis Source: GO_Central
Cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor Source: Ensembl
Establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Glycolytic process Source: GO_Central
Lactation Source: Ensembl
Maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of angiogenesis Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion in response to mitochondrial depolarization Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Regulation of glucose import Source: Ensembl
Response to hypoxia Source: Ensembl
Response to ischemia Source: Ensembl
Cellular Location
Mitochondrion outer membrane; Cytosol. The mitochondrial-binding peptide (MBP) region promotes association with the mitochondrial outer membrane (PubMed:29298880). The interaction with the mitochondrial outer membrane via the mitochondrial-binding peptide (MBP) region promotes higher stability of the protein (PubMed:29298880). Release from the mitochondrial outer membrane into the cytosol induces permeability transition pore (PTP) opening and apoptosis (PubMed:18350175).

Wang, S., Zhuang, Y., Xu, J., Tong, Y., Li, X., & Dong, C. (2023). Advances in the Study of Hexokinase 2 (HK2) Inhibitors. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Formerly Current Medicinal Chemistry-Anti-Cancer Agents), 23(7), 736-746.

Li, R., Mei, S., Ding, Q., Wang, Q., Yu, L., & Zi, F. (2022). A pan-cancer analysis of the role of hexokinase II (HK2) in human tumors. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 18807.

Ciscato, F., Ferrone, L., Masgras, I., Laquatra, C., & Rasola, A. (2021). Hexokinase 2 in cancer: a prima donna playing multiple characters. International journal of molecular sciences, 22(9), 4716.

Hinrichsen, F., Hamm, J., Westermann, M., Schröder, L., Shima, K., Mishra, N., ... & Sommer, F. (2021). Microbial regulation of hexokinase 2 links mitochondrial metabolism and cell death in colitis. Cell Metabolism, 33(12), 2355-2366.

Rabbani, N., & Thornalley, P. J. (2019). Hexokinase-2 glycolytic overload in diabetes and ischemia–reperfusion injury. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 30(7), 419-431.

Bao, F., Yang, K., Wu, C., Gao, S., Wang, P., Chen, L., & Li, H. (2018). New natural inhibitors of hexokinase 2 (HK2): Steroids from Ganoderma sinense. Fitoterapia, 125, 123-129.

Jiao, L., Zhang, H. L., Li, D. D., Yang, K. L., Tang, J., Li, X., ... & Zhu, X. F. (2018). Regulation of glycolytic metabolism by autophagy in liver cancer involves selective autophagic degradation of HK2 (hexokinase 2). Autophagy, 14(4), 671-684.

Bustamante, M. F., Oliveira, P. G., Garcia-Carbonell, R., Croft, A. P., Smith, J. M., Serrano, R. L., ... & Guma, M. (2018). Hexokinase 2 as a novel selective metabolic target for rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 77(11), 1636-1643.

Yang, T., Ren, C., Qiao, P., Han, X., Wang, L., Lv, S., ... & Yu, Z. (2018). PIM2-mediated phosphorylation of hexokinase 2 is critical for tumor growth and paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer. Oncogene, 37(45), 5997-6009.

Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, M., Cong, Q., Zhang, M. X., Zhang, M. Y., Lu, Y. Y., & Xu, C. J. (2018). Hexokinase 2 confers resistance to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells by enhancing cisplatin-induced autophagy. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology, 95, 9-16.

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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

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