IFITM2

IFITM2 (Interferon Induced Transmembrane Protein 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with IFITM2 include Influenza and Dengue Virus. Among its related pathways are Cytokine Signaling in Immune system and Innate Immune System. An important paralog of this gene is IFITM3.

Full Name

Interferon Induced Transmembrane Protein 2

Function

IFN-induced antiviral protein which inhibits the entry of viruses to the host cell cytoplasm, permitting endocytosis, but preventing subsequent viral fusion and release of viral contents into the cytosol (PubMed:33563656, PubMed:26354436).

Active against multiple viruses, including influenza A virus, SARS coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2), Marburg virus (MARV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Dengue virus (DNV), West Nile virus (WNV), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (PubMed:33563656, PubMed:26354436, PubMed:33270927, PubMed:33239446).

Can inhibit: influenza virus hemagglutinin protein-mediated viral entry, MARV and EBOV GP1,2-mediated viral entry, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated viral entry and VSV G protein-mediated viral entry (PubMed:33563656).

Induces cell cycle arrest and mediates apoptosis by caspase activation and in p53-independent manner. In hepatocytes, IFITM proteins act in a coordinated manner to restrict HCV infection by targeting the endocytosed HCV virion for lysosomal degradation (PubMed:26354436).

IFITM2 and IFITM3 display anti-HCV activity that may complement the anti-HCV activity of IFITM1 by inhibiting the late stages of HCV entry, possibly in a coordinated manner by trapping the virion in the endosomal pathway and targeting it for degradation at the lysosome (PubMed:26354436).

Biological Process

Cellular response to interferon-beta Source: UniProtKB
Defense response to virus Source: GO_Central
Immune response Source: ProtInc
Negative regulation of viral entry into host cell Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of viral genome replication Source: UniProtKB
Response to interferon-alpha Source: UniProtKB
Response to interferon-beta Source: UniProtKB
Response to interferon-gamma Source: UniProtKB
Response to virus Source: UniProtKB
Type I interferon signaling pathway Source: GO_Central

Cellular Location

Late endosome membrane; Lysosome membrane; Cell membrane

Topology

Cytoplasmic: 1-56
Helical: 57-77
Cytoplasmic: 78-106
Helical: 107-127
Extracellular: 128-132

PTM

Palmitoylation on membrane-proximal cysteines controls clustering in membrane compartments and antiviral activity.
Phosphorylation at Tyr-19 is required for endosomal and lysosomal location.