NUDT1

Misincorporation of oxidized nucleoside triphosphates into DNA/RNA during replication and transcription can cause mutations that may result in carcinogenesis or neurodegeneration. The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates, such as 8-oxo-dGTP, 8-oxo-dATP, 2-hydroxy-dATP, and 2-hydroxy rATP, to monophosphates, thereby preventing misincorporation. The encoded protein is localized mainly in the cytoplasm, with some in the mitochondria, suggesting that it is involved in the sanitization of nucleotide pools both for nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants, some of which encode distinct isoforms, have been identified. Additional variants have been observed, but their full-length natures have not been determined. A single-nucleotide polymorphism that results in the production of an additional, longer isoform (p26) has been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Full Name

Nudix Hydrolase 1

Function

Oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase which is a prominent sanitizer of the oxidized nucleotide pool (PubMed:8226881, PubMed:7713500, PubMed:10608900, PubMed:12857738, PubMed:22556419, PubMed:26238318, PubMed:24695224, PubMed:24695225, PubMed:28679043).
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 2-oxo-dATP (2-hydroxy-dATP) into 2-oxo-dAMP (PubMed:10373420).
Has also a significant hydrolase activity toward 2-oxo-ATP, 8-oxo-dGTP and 8-oxo-dATP (PubMed:10373420, PubMed:11139615).
Through the hydrolysis of oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates, prevents their incorporation into DNA and the subsequent transversions A:T to C:G and G:C to T:A (PubMed:8226881, PubMed:10373420, PubMed:10608900, PubMed:11756418, PubMed:12857738, PubMed:16607562, PubMed:24695224, PubMed:24695225, PubMed:26999531, PubMed:28035004).
Also catalyzes the hydrolysis of methylated purine nucleoside triphosphate preventing their integration into DNA (PubMed:30304478, PubMed:32144205).
Through this antimutagenic activity protects cells from oxidative stress (PubMed:8226881, PubMed:7713500, PubMed:10608900, PubMed:12857738, PubMed:24695224, PubMed:24695225, PubMed:30304478, PubMed:32144205).

Biological Process

AgingIEA:Ensembl
DNA protectionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
DNA repair1 PublicationIC:UniProtKB
Male gonad developmentIEA:Ensembl
Purine nucleoside catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Response to cadmium ionIEA:Ensembl
Response to oxidative stressManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc

Cellular Location

Isoform p18
Cytoplasm, cytosol
Mitochondrion matrix
Nucleus
Mostly present in cytosol (PubMed:7782328).
A minor proportion is mitochondrial (PubMed:7782328).
A very small amount of the protein is associated with nuclei (PubMed:7782328).
Isoform p26
Mitochondrion matrix

PTM

The N-terminus is blocked.