RTF1

This locus may represent a gene involved in regulation of transcription elongation and chromatin remodeling, based on studies of similar proteins in other organisms. The encoded protein may bind single-stranded DNA. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

Full Name

RTF1 Homolog, Paf1/RNA Polymerase II Complex Component

Function

Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which has multiple functions during transcription by RNA polymerase II and is implicated in regulation of development and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. PAF1C associates with RNA polymerase II through interaction with POLR2A CTD non-phosphorylated and 'Ser-2'- and 'Ser-5'-phosphorylated forms and is involved in transcriptional elongation, acting both independently and synergistically with TCEA1 and in cooperation with the DSIF complex and HTATSF1. PAF1C is required for transcription of Hox and Wnt target genes. PAF1C is involved in hematopoiesis and stimulates transcriptional activity of KMT2A/MLL1; it promotes leukemogenesis through association with KMT2A/MLL1-rearranged oncoproteins, such as KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT3/AF9 and KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT1/ENL. PAF1C is involved in histone modifications such as ubiquitination of histone H2B and methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3). PAF1C recruits the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex and the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B to chromatin which mediate monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1); UB2A/B-mediated H2B ubiquitination is proposed to be coupled to transcription. PAF1C is involved in mRNA 3' end formation probably through association with cleavage and poly(A) factors. In case of infection by influenza A strain H3N2, PAF1C associates with viral NS1 protein, thereby regulating gene transcription. Binds single-stranded DNA. Required for maximal induction of heat-shock genes. Required for the trimethylation of histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) on genes involved in stem cell pluripotency; this function is synergistic with CXXC1 indicative for an involvement of a SET1 complex (By similarity).

Biological Process

Biological Process blastocyst growthIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process endodermal cell fate commitmentISS:UniProtKB
Biological Process histone H3-K4 trimethylationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIISS:UniProtKB
Biological Process positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process stem cell population maintenanceManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II promoterManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:GO_Central
Biological Process Wnt signaling pathwayIEA:UniProtKB-KW

Cellular Location

Nucleus, nucleoplasm