SP3

This gene belongs to a family of Sp1 related genes that encode transcription factors that regulate transcription by binding to consensus GC- and GT-box regulatory elements in target genes. This protein contains a zinc finger DNA-binding domain and several transactivation domains, and has been reported to function as a bifunctional transcription factor that either stimulates or represses the transcription of numerous genes. Transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene, and one has been reported to initiate translation from a non-AUG (AUA) start codon. Additional isoforms, resulting from the use of alternate downstream translation initiation sites, have also been noted. [provided by RefSeq]

Sp3 transcription factor

Transcriptional factor that can act as an activator or repressor depending on isoform and/or post-translational modifications. Binds to GT and GC boxes promoter elements. Competes with SP1 for the GC-box promoters. Weak activator of transcription but can activate a number of genes involved in different processes such as cell-cycle regulation, hormone-induction and house-keeping.

Biological Process B cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process definitive hemopoiesisIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesisIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process embryonic placenta developmentIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process embryonic process involved in female pregnancyIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process embryonic skeletal system developmentIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process enucleate erythrocyte differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process granulocyte differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process liver developmentIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process lung developmentIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process megakaryocyte differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process monocyte differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process myeloid progenitor cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process natural killer cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process ossificationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process T cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process trophectodermal cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl

Nucleus
Nucleus, PML body
Localizes to the nuclear periphery and in nuclear dots when sumoylated. Some localization in PML nuclear bodies.

Not glycosylated.
Acetylated by histone acetyltransferase p300, deacetylated by HDACs. Acetylation/deacetylation states regulate transcriptional activity. Acetylation appears to activate transcription. Alternate sumoylation and acetylation at Lys-551 also control transcriptional activity. Ceramides can also regulate acetylation/deacetylation events through altering the interaction of HDAC with SP3. In vitro, C18-ceramides, but not C16-ceramides, increase the interaction of HDAC1 with SP3 and enhance the deacetylation of SP3 and the subsequent repression of the TERT promoter.
Sumoylated on all isoforms. Sumoylated on 2 sites in longer isoforms with Lys-551 being the major site. Sumoylation at this site promotes nuclear localization to the nuclear periphery, nuclear dots and PML nuclear bodies. Sumoylation on Lys-551 represses the transactivation activity, except for the largest isoform, L-Sp3, which has little effect on transactivation. Alternate sumoylation and acetylation at Lys-551 also control transcriptional activity.