SPRR2A

SPRR2A (Small Proline Rich Protein 2A) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Keratinization and Developmental Biology. An important paralog of this gene is SPRR2B.

Full Name

Small Proline Rich Protein 2A

Function

Gut bactericidal protein that selectively kills Gram-positive bacteria by binding to negatively charged lipids on bacterial membranes, leading to bacterial membrane permeabilization and disruption (PubMed:34735226).
Specifically binds lipids bearing negatively charged headgroups, such as phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine (PS), cardiolipin (CL), and phosphatidylinositol phosphates, but not to zwitterionic or neutral lipids (PubMed:34735226).
Induced by type-2 cytokines in response to helminth infection and is required to protect against helminth-induced bacterial invasion of intestinal tissue (By similarity).
May also be involved in the development of the cornified envelope of squamous epithelia; however, additional evidences are required to confirm this result in vivo (PubMed:8325635).

Biological Process

Biological Process antibacterial humoral responseManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process defense response to Gram-positive bacteriumManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process host-mediated regulation of intestinal microbiota compositionISS:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Secreted
Secreted, extracellular space
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle
Present in intestinal secretory epithelial cells and is secreted into the intestinal lumen.

PTM

Forms five pairs of intrachain disulfide bonds.