TOP2B

TOP2B is a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. TOP2B catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, beta, is localized to chromosome 3 and the alpha form is localized to chromosome 17. TOP2B plays a role as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in TOP2B have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also function in ataxia-telangiectasia.

Full Name

DNA Topoisomerase II Beta

Function

Key decatenating enzyme that alters DNA topology by binding to two double-stranded DNA molecules, generating a double-stranded break in one of the strands, passing the intact strand through the broken strand, and religating the broken strand. Plays a role in B-cell differentiation.

Biological Process

Biological Process axonogenesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process B cell differentiation Source:UniProtKB2 Publications
Biological Process DNA topological change Source:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process forebrain development Source:Ensembl
Biological Process neuron migration Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate Source:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates Source:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process sister chromatid segregation Source:GO_Central1 Publication

Cellular Location

Nucleus, nucleolus
Nucleus, nucleoplasm
Nucleus

Involvement in disease

B-cell immunodeficiency, distal limb anomalies, and urogenital malformations (BILU):
An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by humoral immunodeficiency with undetectable B cells, distal limb anomalies, dysmorphic facial features, and urogenital malformations.