ARCN1

This gene maps in a region, which include the mixed lineage leukemia and Friend leukemia virus integration 1 genes, where multiple disease-associated chromosome translocations occur. It is an intracellular protein. Archain sequences are well conserved among eukaryotes and this protein may play a fundamental role in eukaryotic cell biology. It has similarities to heat shock proteins and clathrin-associated proteins, and may be involved in vesicle structure or trafficking. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Full Name

Archain 1

Function

Component of the coatomer, a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. The coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors (By similarity).

Biological Process

Endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport Source: GO_Central
Golgi localization Source: GO_Central
Intracellular protein transport Source: ProtInc
Retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum Source: GO_Central

Cellular Location

Golgi apparatus membrane; Cytoplasm; COPI-coated vesicle membrane. The coatomer is cytoplasmic or polymerized on the cytoplasmic side of the Golgi, as well as on the vesicles/buds originating from it.

Involvement in disease

Short stature, rhizomelic, with microcephaly, micrognathia, and developmental delay (SRMMD): The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. the skeletal phenotype, that characterizes this disorder, may be due to defective type I collagen transport and reduction of collagen secretion. A disorder characterized by facial dysmorphism, severe micrognathia, microcephaly, rhizomelic short stature, and mild developmental delay.