DGKZ

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the eukaryotic diacylglycerol kinase family. It may attenuate protein kinase C activity by regulating diacylglycerol levels in intracellular signaling cascade and signal transduction. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]

Full Name

Diacylglycerol Kinase Zeta

Function

Diacylglycerol kinase that converts diacylglycerol/DAG into phosphatidic acid/phosphatidate/PA and regulates the respective levels of these two bioactive lipids (PubMed:9159104, PubMed:15544348, PubMed:18004883, PubMed:19744926, PubMed:22108654, PubMed:22627129, PubMed:23949095).

Thereby, acts as a central switch between the signaling pathways activated by these second messengers with different cellular targets and opposite effects in numerous biological processes (PubMed:9159104, PubMed:15544348, PubMed:18004883, PubMed:19744926, PubMed:22108654, PubMed:22627129, PubMed:23949095).

Also plays an important role in the biosynthesis of complex lipids (Probable). Does not exhibit an acyl chain-dependent substrate specificity among diacylglycerol species (PubMed:9159104, PubMed:19744926, PubMed:22108654).

Can also phosphorylate 1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol in vitro but less efficiently and with a preference for alkylacylglycerols containing an arachidonoyl group (PubMed:15544348, PubMed:19744926, PubMed:22627129).

The biological processes it is involved in include T cell activation since it negatively regulates T-cell receptor signaling which is in part mediated by diacylglycerol (By similarity).

By generating phosphatidic acid, stimulates PIP5KIA activity which regulates actin polymerization (PubMed:15157668).

Through the same mechanism could also positively regulate insulin-induced translocation of SLC2A4 to the cell membrane (By similarity).

Isoform 1:
Regulates RASGRP1 activity.

Isoform 2:
Does not regulate RASGRP1 activity.

Biological Process

Cell migration Source: UniProtKB
Diacylglycerol metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Glycerolipid metabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
Intracellular signal transduction Source: GO_Central
Lipid phosphorylation Source: UniProtKB
Mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Platelet activation Source: Reactome
Positive regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase activity Source: UniProtKB
Protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: InterPro
Regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Source: GO_Central

Cellular Location

Cytosol; Nucleus; Cell membrane; Lamellipodium

PTM

Phosphorylation of the MARCKS homology domain by PKC reduces nuclear accumulation of DGK-zeta.