GPR68

The protein encoded by this gene is a G protein-coupled receptor for sphingosylphosphorylcholine. The encoded protein is a proton-sensing receptor, inactive at pH 7.8 but active at pH 6.8. Mutations in this gene are a cause of amelogenesis imperfecta.

Full Name

G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR 68

Function

Proton-sensing receptor involved in pH homeostasis. May represents an osteoblastic pH sensor regulating cell-mediated responses to acidosis in bone. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that stimulates inositol phosphate (IP) production or Ca2+ mobilization. The receptor is almost silent at pH 7.8 but fully activated at pH 6.8. Also functions as a metastasis suppressor gene in prostate cancer (By similarity).

Biological Process

Cellular response to pH Source: GO_Central
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: ProtInc
Inflammatory response Source: ProtInc
Negative regulation of monocyte differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of osteoclast development Source: Ensembl

Cellular Location

Cell membrane

Involvement in disease

Amelogenesis imperfecta, hypomaturation type, 2A6 (AI2A6):
A defect of enamel formation. The disorder involves both primary and secondary dentitions. The teeth have a shiny agar jelly appearance and the enamel is softer than normal. Brown pigment is present in middle layers of enamel.

Topology

Extracellular: 1-21
Helical: 22-46
Cytoplasmic: 47-58
Helical: 59-80
Extracellular: 81-95
Helical: 96-117
Cytoplasmic: 118-136
Helical: 137-158
Extracellular: 159-183
Helical: 184-205
Cytoplasmic: 206-228
Helical: 229-249
Extracellular: 250-263
Helical: 264-284
Cytoplasmic: 285-365