IFITM1

IFITM1 (Interferon Induced Transmembrane Protein 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with IFITM1 include Influenza and West Nile Virus. Among its related pathways are Cytokine Signaling in Immune system and Innate Immune System. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor. An important paralog of this gene is IFITM3.

Interferon Induced Transmembrane Protein 1

IFN-induced antiviral protein which inhibits the entry of viruses to the host cell cytoplasm, permitting endocytosis, but preventing subsequent viral fusion and release of viral contents into the cytosol. Active against multiple viruses, including influenza A virus, SARS coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2), Marburg virus (MARV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Dengue virus (DNV), West Nile virus (WNV), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) (PubMed:26354436, PubMed:33270927).

Can inhibit: influenza virus hemagglutinin protein-mediated viral entry, MARV and EBOV GP1,2-mediated viral entry and SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated viral entry. Also implicated in cell adhesion and control of cell growth and migration (PubMed:33270927).

Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated syncytia formation (PubMed:33051876).

Plays a key role in the antiproliferative action of IFN-gamma either by inhibiting the ERK activation or by arresting cell growth in G1 phase in a p53-dependent manner. Acts as a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation. In hepatocytes, IFITM proteins act in a coordinated manner to restrict HCV infection by targeting the endocytosed HCV virion for lysosomal degradation (PubMed:26354436).

IFITM2 and IFITM3 display anti-HCV activity that may complement the anti-HCV activity of IFITM1 by inhibiting the late stages of HCV entry, possibly in a coordinated manner by trapping the virion in the endosomal pathway and targeting it for degradation at the lysosome (PubMed:26354436).

Cell surface receptor signaling pathway Source: ProtInc
Defense response to virus Source: GO_Central
Negative regulation of cell migration Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of cell population proliferation Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of viral entry into host cell Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of viral genome replication Source: UniProtKB
Ossification Source: UniProtKB-KW
Positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation Source: UniProtKB
Response to interferon-alpha Source: UniProtKB
Response to interferon-beta Source: UniProtKB
Response to interferon-gamma Source: UniProtKB
Response to virus Source: UniProtKB
Type I interferon signaling pathway Source: GO_Central

Lysosome membrane; Cell membrane

Cytoplasmic: 1-36
Helical: 37-57
Cytoplasmic: 58-86
Helical: 87-107
Extracellular: 108-125

Palmitoylation on membrane-proximal cysteines controls clustering in membrane compartments and antiviral activity.