KIR2DS5

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Full Name

Killer Cell Immunoglobulin Like Receptor, Two Ig Domains And Short Cytoplasmic Tail 5

Function

Activating natural killer (NK) receptor that recognizes C2 epitopes of HLA-C alleles. Bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems, NK cells express a number of cell surface receptors which either inhibit or stimulate their cytotoxicity (PubMed:28685972, PubMed:18624290, PubMed:18682925).
Able to activate NK cells citotoxicity and cytokine production such as IFNG (PubMed:18624290, PubMed:24269691).
Receptor functions are attenuated even lost in some alleles, such as KIR2DS5*002 reprensented in this entry (PubMed:28685972).

Biological Process

Immune response1 PublicationNAS:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cell membrane

Topology

Extracellular: 22-245
Helical: 246-265
Cytoplasmic: 266-304

PTM

N-glycosylated, glycosylation varies depending on the allele which alters cell surface expression levels.