ZP1

The zona pellucida is an extracellular matrix that surrounds the oocyte and early embryo. It is composed primarily of three or four glycoproteins with various functions during fertilization and preimplantation development. The protein encoded by this gene ensures the structural integrity of the zona pellucida. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oocyte maturation defect and infertility.

Full Name

zona pellucida glycoprotein 1

Function

Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy. The zona pellucida is composed of 3 to 4 glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. ZP1 ensures the structural integrity of the zona pellucida.

Biological Process

Biological Process binding of sperm to zona pellucida Source:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process prevention of polyspermy Source:GO_Central1 Publication

Cellular Location

Processed zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 1
Zona pellucida
Cell membrane

Involvement in disease

Oocyte maturation defect 1 (OOMD1):
An infertility disorder caused by defective oocyte maturation that results in abnormal eggs lacking a zona pellucida. Affected females have normal menstrual cycles and sex hormone levels, no obstruction in the fallopian tubes or abnormalities of the uterus or adnexa.

Topology

Extracellular: 26-601
Helical: 602-622
Cytoplasmic: 623-638