SSH1

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the slingshot homolog (SSH) family of phosphatases, which regulate actin filament dynamics. The SSH proteins dephosphorylate and activate the actin binding/depolymerizing factor cofilin, which subsequently binds to actin filaments and stimulates their disassembly. Cofilin is inactivated by kinases such as LIM domain kinase-1 (LIMK1), which may also be dephosphorylated and inactivated by SSH proteins. The SSH family thus appears to play a role in actin dynamics by reactivating cofilin proteins. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

Slingshot Protein Phosphatase 1

Protein phosphatase which regulates actin filament dynamics. Dephosphorylates and activates the actin binding/depolymerizing factor cofilin, which subsequently binds to actin filaments and stimulates their disassembly. Inhibitory phosphorylation of cofilin is mediated by LIMK1, which may also be dephosphorylated and inactivated by this protein.

Biological Process actin cytoskeleton organizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process cell morphogenesisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process cellular response to ATPManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI
Biological Process negative regulation of actin filament polymerizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process protein dephosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process regulation of cellular protein metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI

Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
Cell projection, lamellipodium
Cleavage furrow
Midbody
Also recruited to actin rich membrane protrusions such as lamellipodia, which may allow local control of actin dynamics at sites of cell locomotion. Also localized to the cleavage furrow and the midbody during cytokinesis.

Phosphorylated. Inhibitory phosphorylation by PAK4 promotes binding to YWHAZ. Phosphorylation at Ser-978 is decreased by stimuli which promote actin reorganization and lamellipodia formation. Can be dephosphorylated and activated by PPP3CA/calcineurin A. Phosphorylation decreases immediately prior to telophase.