CDK5 Antibodies

Background

The CDK5 gene is a unique serine/threonine kinase that is highly expressed in the nervous system. Unlike other cyclin-dependent kinases, the activity of CDK5 does not depend on cyclins but requires binding to activators p35 or p39 to function. This gene plays a crucial role in neuronal migration, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmitter release, and is essential for normal brain development. When the activity of CDK5 is dysregulated, it leads to excessive phosphorylation of tau protein, resulting in neurofibrillary tangles, which are closely related to various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Since it was cloned and identified in the 1990s, CDK5 has become a research hotspot in the field of neuroscience. Its unique activation mechanism and diverse physiological functions provide important clues for us to understand the development of the nervous system and the pathogenesis of related diseases.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of CDK5

The protein encoded by the CDK5 gene has a molecular weight of approximately 33 kDa. This protein is composed of 292 amino acids and its catalytic domain is highly conserved in eukaryotes.

Species	Human	Mouse	Rat	Bovine
Molecular Weight (kDa)	33	33	33	33
Sequence homology	Reference standard	99%	99%	98%

CDK5 possesses a typical serine/threonine kinase domain, and its activation requires binding to p35 or p39. Unlike the classical cyclin-dependent kinases, the activity of CDK5 is not regulated by cyclins. The T-loop region in its structure undergoes a conformational change upon binding to p35, exposing the catalytic center. The conserved proline residues in the kinase domain mediate specific recognition of the substrate. The N-terminal domain of this protein is involved in subcellular localization, while the C-terminal region stabilizes the kinase activity.

Fig. 1 A summary of the various cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5)-mediated biological processes.¹

Key structural properties of CDK5:

Typical serine/threonine kinase domains
Unique T-loop activation loop structure
The p35/p39 binding site mediates kinase activity
The N-terminal domain regulates subcellular localization
Conservative ATP-binding pocket
Proline-directed substrate recognition sequence

Functions of CDK5

The main function of CDK5 is to regulate neuronal migration and synaptic plasticity. However, it is also involved in various cellular processes, including neurotransmitter release, cytoskeleton dynamics, and membrane transport.

Function	Description
Neuronal migration	By phosphorylating microtubule-associated proteins, it guides the correct positioning of neurons and the formation of layered structures in the brain.
Synaptic plasticity	Regulates synaptic vesicle release and receptor trafficking, influencing the learning and memory process.
Tau protein phosphorylation	Under physiological conditions, moderate phosphorylation of tau protein maintains microtubule stability.
Dopamine signal regulation	Participates in the signal transduction of dopaminergic neurons, affecting motor control and reward behavior.
Anti-apoptotic effect	By phosphorylating specific substrates, neurons can be protected from apoptosis under specific conditions.

The kinase activity of CDK5 exhibits unique dual characteristics: it maintains neural function under normal conditions, but excessive activation leads to pathological phosphorylation. Unlike typical cyclin-dependent kinases, the activity of CDK5 is completely dependent on the binding of p35 or p39. The expression of these activating factors is strictly restricted to the nervous system, determining the tissue-specific function of CDK5.

Applications of CDK5 and CDK5 Antibody in Literature

1. Oner, Muhammet, et al. "Future aspects of CDK5 in prostate cancer: from pathogenesis to therapeutic implications." International journal of molecular sciences 20.16 (2019): 3881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163881

The article indicates that CDK5, as a unique cyclin-dependent kinase, functions by binding to p35 to be activated, and plays a role in the development of the central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases. The latest research has found that CDK5 can phosphorylate the androgen receptor, promoting the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. Inhibiting the activity of CDK5 can reduce the level of AR protein and induce the death of cancer cells, suggesting that it can be used as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.

2. Pao, Ping-Chieh, and Li-Huei Tsai. "Three decades of Cdk5." Journal of biomedical science 28.1 (2021): 79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-021-00774-y

The article indicates that CDK5 is a proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates various cellular processes in neurons. Its dysregulation affects brain function and is associated with synaptic function, biological clock, DNA damage, mitochondria, etc. Abnormal activity is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases.

3. Roufayel, Rabih, and Nimer Murshid. "CDK5: key regulator of apoptosis and cell survival." Biomedicines 7.4 (2019): 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040088

The article indicates that CDK5 is activated by binding with proteins such as p35 and p39, and is distributed on the cell membrane and around the nucleus. Cyclin I can activate CDK5 and exert an anti-apoptotic effect. The inhibitor roscovitine enhances the sensitivity of cells to apoptosis. CDK5 is involved in gene regulation, cell survival and apoptosis.

4. Alrouji, Mohammed, et al. "Cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) inhibitors in Parkinson disease." Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 28.11 (2024): e18412. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.18412

The article indicates that the binding of CDK5 to p35 is activated by calpain and regulates synaptic plasticity, exerting neuroprotective effects. Excessive activation is involved in the onset of Parkinson's disease. Statins, metformin, and other CDK5 inhibitors can delay the neuropathological progression of Parkinson's disease.

5. Shupp, Alison, Mathew C. Casimiro, and Richard G. Pestell. "Biological functions of CDK5 and potential CDK5 targeted clinical treatments." Oncotarget 8.10 (2017): 17373. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.14538

The article indicates that although CDK5 is homologous to other CDKs, its activation does not depend on cyclins or T-loop phosphorylation. Recently, it has been discovered that it can interact with specific cyclins. CDK5 is involved in multiple disease pathways and plays an important role in tumor development.

Creative Biolabs: CDK5 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality CDK5 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom CDK5 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our CDK5 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.

Reference

Oner, Muhammet, et al. "Future aspects of CDK5 in prostate cancer: from pathogenesis to therapeutic implications." International journal of molecular sciences 20.16 (2019): 3881. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163881