GPRC5A

This gene encodes a member of the type 3 G protein-coupling receptor family, characterized by the signature 7-transmembrane domain motif. The encoded protein may be involved in interaction between retinoid acid and G protein signalling pathways. Retinoic acid plays a critical role in development, cellular growth, and differentiation. This gene may play a role in embryonic development and epithelial cell differentiation.

Full Name

G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A

Function

Orphan receptor. Could be involved in modulating differentiation and maintaining homeostasis of epithelial cells. This retinoic acid-inducible GPCR provide evidence for a possible interaction between retinoid and G-protein signaling pathways. Functions as a negative modulator of EGFR signaling (By similarity).

May act as a lung tumor suppressor (PubMed:18000218).

Biological Process

Negative regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity Source: UniProtKB
Signal transduction Source: ProtInc

Cellular Location

Cell membrane; Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane. Localized in perinuclear vesicles, probably Golgi-associated vesicles.

Topology

Extracellular: 1-33
Helical: 34-54
Cytoplasmic: 55-68
Helical: 69-89
Extracellular: 90-97
Helical: 98-118
Cytoplasmic: 119-129
Helical: 130-150
Extracellular: 151-176
Helical: 177-197
Cytoplasmic: 198-212
Helical: 213-233
Extracellular: 234-247
Helical: 248-268
Cytoplasmic: 269-357

PTM

Phosphorylated in two conserved double-tyrosine motifs, TYR-317/TYR-320 and TYR-347/TYR-350, by EGFR; leading to inactivation of the tumor suppressive function of GPRC5A in lung cancer cells. TYR-317 and TYR-320 are the preferred residues responsible for EGFR-mediated GPRC5A phosphorylation.