LPCAT1

LPCAT1 is a member of the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family of proteins. LPCAT1 plays a role in phospholipid metabolism, specifically in the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylcholine in the presence of acyl-CoA. This process is important in the synthesis of lung surfactant and platelet-activating factor (PAF). Elevated expression of this gene may contribute to the progression of oral squamous cell, prostate, breast, and other human cancers.

LPCAT1

Exhibits acyltransferase activity (PubMed:21498505, PubMed:18156367).
Exhibits acetyltransferase activity (By similarity).
Activity is calcium-independent (By similarity).
Catalyzes the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine (1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or PC) (PubMed:21498505, PubMed:18156367).
Catalyzes the conversion 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (By similarity).
Displays a clear preference for saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, and 1-myristoyl or 1-palmitoyl LPC as acyl donors and acceptors, respectively (By similarity).
Involved in platelet-activating factor (PAF) biosynthesis by catalyzing the conversion of the PAF precursor, 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PAF) into 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PAF) (By similarity).
May synthesize phosphatidylcholine in pulmonary surfactant, thereby playing a pivotal role in respiratory physiology (By similarity).
Involved in the regulation of lipid droplet number and size (PubMed:25491198).

Negative regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic processIEA:Ensembl
Phosphatidic acid biosynthetic processTAS:Reactome
Phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodelingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Phosphatidylglycerol acyl-chain remodelingTAS:Reactome
Phospholipid biosynthetic processISS:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of protein catabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Retina development in camera-type eyeIEA:Ensembl
Surfactant homeostasisIEA:Ensembl

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Golgi apparatus membrane
Cell membrane
Lipid droplet
May adopt a monotopic topology when embedded in the lipid monolayer of the lipid droplet, with both termini exposed to the cytoplasm.

Cytoplasmic: 1-57
Helical: 58-78
Lumenal: 79-534