P2RX7

The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. This receptor functions as a ligand-gated ion channel and is responsible for ATP-dependent lysis of macrophages through the formation of membrane pores permeable to large molecules. Activation of this nuclear receptor by ATP in the cytoplasm may be a mechanism by which cellular activity can be coupled to changes in gene expression. Multiple alternatively spliced variants have been identified, most of which fit nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) criteria. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

P2RX7

Receptor for ATP that acts as a ligand-gated ion channel. Responsible for ATP-dependent lysis of macrophages through the formation of membrane pores permeable to large molecules. Could function in both fast synaptic transmission and the ATP-mediated lysis of antigen-presenting cells. In the absence of its natural ligand, ATP, functions as a scavenger receptor in the recognition and engulfment of apoptotic cells (PubMed:21821797, PubMed:23303206).

Apoptotic signaling pathwayISS:BHF-UCL
Bleb assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Calcium ion transmembrane transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ARUK-UCL
Calcium-mediated signaling using extracellular calcium sourceManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ARUK-UCL
Cell morphogenesisIEA:Ensembl
Cell surface receptor signaling pathwayISS:BHF-UCL
Cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in cell-cell signalingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ARUK-UCL
Cellular response to ATPManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ARUK-UCL
Cellular response to dsRNAIEA:Ensembl
Cellular response to extracellular stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Ceramide biosynthetic processIEA:Ensembl
Collagen metabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Defense response to Gram-positive bacteriumIEA:Ensembl
Extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayISS:BHF-UCL
Homeostasis of number of cells within a tissueIEA:Ensembl
Inflammatory responseIEA:Ensembl
Membrane depolarizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Membrane protein ectodomain proteolysisIEA:Ensembl
Mitochondrion organizationIEA:Ensembl
NAD transportIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of bone resorptionISS:BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of cell volumeManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of MAPK cascadeISS:BHF-UCL
Phagolysosome assemblyIEA:Ensembl
Phospholipid transfer to membraneIEA:Ensembl
Plasma membrane phospholipid scramblingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Pore complex assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of bleb assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of bone mineralizationISS:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosolManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of cytoskeleton organizationISS:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretionIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of gene expressionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:CACAO
Positive regulation of glutamate secretionIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of glycolytic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:CACAO
Positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha productionIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of ion transmembrane transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic processIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of MAP kinase activityIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarizationIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of prostaglandin secretionIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of protein secretionIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicityIEA:Ensembl
Protein catabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Protein phosphorylationIEA:Ensembl
Protein processingIEA:Ensembl
Purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Reactive oxygen species metabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of killing of cells of another organism1 PublicationNAS:BHF-UCL
Regulation of sodium ion transportBy SimilarityISS:BHF-UCL
Release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolIEA:Ensembl
Response to ATPManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Response to calcium ionIEA:Ensembl
Response to electrical stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Response to fluid shear stressIEA:Ensembl
Response to ischemia1 PublicationNAS:ARUK-UCL
Response to lipopolysaccharideIEA:Ensembl
Response to mechanical stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Response to xenobiotic stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Response to zinc ionIEA:Ensembl
Sensory perception of painISS:BHF-UCL
Skeletal system morphogenesisIEA:Ensembl
Synaptic vesicle exocytosisIEA:Ensembl
T cell homeostasisIEA:Ensembl
T cell proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Vesicle budding from membraneIEA:Ensembl

Cell membrane

Cytoplasmic: 1-25
Helical: 26-46
Extracellular: 47-334
Helical: 335-355
Cytoplasmic: 356-595

Phosphorylation results in its inactivation.
ADP-ribosylation at Arg-125 is necessary and sufficient to activate P2RX7 and gate the channel.
Palmitoylation of several cysteines in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail is required for efficient localization to cell surface.