CARD11

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family, a class of proteins that functions as molecular scaffolds for the assembly of multiprotein complexes at specialized regions of the plasma membrane. This protein is also a member of the CARD protein family, which is defined by carrying a characteristic caspase-associated recruitment domain (CARD). This protein has a domain structure similar to that of CARD14 protein. The CARD domains of both proteins have been shown to specifically interact with BCL10, a protein known to function as a positive regulator of cell apoptosis and NF-kappaB activation. When expressed in cells, this protein activated NF-kappaB and induced the phosphorylation of BCL10. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Full Name

Caspase Recruitment Domain Family Member 11

Function

Adapter protein that plays a key role in adaptive immune response by transducing the activation of NF-kappa-B downstream of T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) engagement (PubMed:11278692, PubMed:11356195, PubMed:12356734).
Transduces signals downstream TCR or BCR activation via the formation of a multiprotein complex together with BCL10 and MALT1 that induces NF-kappa-B and MAP kinase p38 (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and/or MAPK14) pathways (PubMed:11356195).
Upon activation in response to TCR or BCR triggering, CARD11 homooligomerizes to form a nucleating helical template that recruits BCL10 via CARD-CARD interaction, thereby promoting polymerization of BCL10 and subsequent recruitment of MALT1: this leads to I-kappa-B kinase (IKK) phosphorylation and degradation, and release of NF-kappa-B proteins for nuclear translocation (PubMed:24074955).
Its binding to DPP4 induces T-cell proliferation and NF-kappa-B activation in a T-cell receptor/CD3-dependent manner (PubMed:17287217).
Promotes linear ubiquitination of BCL10 by promoting the targeting of BCL10 to RNF31/HOIP (PubMed:27777308).
Stimulates the phosphorylation of BCL10 (PubMed:11356195).
Also activates the TORC1 signaling pathway (PubMed:28628108).

Biological Process

B cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
B cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway Source: Reactome
Homeostasis of number of cells Source: Ensembl
I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of B cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of interleukin-2 production Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of T cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of apoptotic process Source: InterPro
Regulation of B cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
Regulation of T cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
Stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway Source: Reactome
T cell costimulation Source: UniProtKB
T cell receptor signaling pathway Source: Reactome
Thymic T cell selection Source: Ensembl
TORC1 signaling Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm; Membrane raft. Colocalized with DPP4 in membrane rafts.

Involvement in disease

B-cell expansion with NFKB and T-cell anergy (BENTA): An autosomal dominant condition characterized by onset in infancy of splenomegaly and polyclonal expansion of B cells, resulting in peripheral lymphocytosis. Affected individuals also show mild immune dysfunction, including some defective antibody responses and T-cell anergy. There may be a predisposition to the development of B-cell malignancy.
Immunodeficiency 11 A (IMD11A): An autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency characterized by normal numbers of T and B-lymphocytes, but defective intracellular signaling. There is a block in B-cell differentiation with increased numbers of transitional B-cells and hypogammaglobulinemia, as well as decreased numbers of regulatory T-cells and defects in T-cell function.
Immunodeficiency 11B with atopic dermatitis (IMD11B): An autosomal dominant disorder of immune dysfunction characterized by onset of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in early childhood. Some patients may have recurrent infections and other variable immune abnormalities. Laboratory studies show defects in T-cell activation, increased IgE, and eosinophilia.

PTM

Phosphorylation at Ser-559, Ser-644 and Ser-652 by PRKCB and PRKCQ leads to a shift from an inactive to an active form that activates the NF-kappa-B signaling.