CD80 Antibodies

Structure of CD80

CD80 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 60 kDa. There are certain differences in this molecular weight among different species, mainly due to the degree of glycosylation modification and the subtle changes in the amino acid sequence of the extracellular region.

CD80 is composed of 288 amino acids. Its extracellular region contains an immunoglobulin variable region (IgV) -like domain and an immunoglobulin constant region (IgC) -like domain, which together form the interface for binding to the receptors CD28 and CTLA-4. This protein forms a homodimer through its IgV domain, and this spatial conformation is crucial for the exertion of its co-stimulatory function. Its transmembrane region and shorter intracellular tail are responsible for conducting signals into the interior of antigen-presenting cells. The secondary structure of CD80 is mainly β -folding, and its conformation is stabilized by disulfide bonds. Key amino acid residues, such as asparagine glycosylation modification at position 99, play an important role in the stability and functional regulation of its protein.

Fig. 1 The interactions between CD80 (natural CD80 and CD80 fusion protein) and the molecules CD28, CTLA4, and PD-L1.¹

Key structural properties of CD80:

• Extracellular region contains immunoglobulin can change (IgV) and the constant sample (IgC) domain structure, forming two polymerization interface
• Across the membrane area anchor set to cell membrane, intracellular signal transduction function sequence
• Specific glycosylation sites (such as Asn99) regulate protein stability and receptor binding ability

Functions of CD80

The main function of CD80 is to serve as a key co-stimulatory signaling molecule for T-cell immune responses. However, it is also involved in a variety of immune regulatory processes, including the establishment of immune tolerance and the regulation of inflammatory responses.

The binding of CD80 and CD28 has the kinetic characteristic of rapid dissociation, which, in coordination with its constitutive expression, can achieve sensitive and controllable immune activation. The high-affinity binding with CTLA-4 mediates a strong inhibitory signal. This "dual-receptor - dual-function" regulatory mode is crucial for maintaining immune balance.

Applications of CD80 and CD80 Antibody in Literature

1. Li, Lanying, Lei Yang, and DePeng Jiang. "Research progress of CD80 in the development of immunotherapy drugs." Frontiers in Immunology 15 (2024): 1496992. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1496992

The article indicates that CD80 is a key molecule in the immune system. By interacting with receptors such as CD28 and CTLA-4, it participates in the regulation of T cell activation and has significant application value in anti-tumor immunity and the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

2. Teh, Yoong Mond, et al. "CD80 Insights as Therapeutic Target in the Current and Future Treatment Options of Frequent‐Relapse Minimal Change Disease." BioMed research international 2021.1 (2021): 6671552. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6671552

The article indicates that CD80 (B7-1) is significantly elevated in the urine of patients with frequently relapsed minimal change nephropathy (MCD), which may be associated with proteinuria and disease recurrence. Inhibitors targeting CD80 (such as abatacept) and monoclonal antibodies (such as galliximab) may become potential therapeutic strategies, providing new directions for hormone-sensitive but relapsing MCD.

3. Miura, Yoko, et al. "CTLA-4-Ig internalizes CD80 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from chronic inflammatory arthritis mouse model." Scientific reports 12.1 (2022): 16363. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20694-7

The article indicates that CD80 binds to CD28/CTLA-4 to regulate T cell activation. Studies have shown that CTLA-4-Ig treatment can improve arthritis, reduce lymphocyte infiltration and B cell proliferation in joints, and cause the internalization of CD80 in synovial fibroblasts. Moreover, it forms a cis-heterodimer with PD-L1, synergically inhibiting local immune responses.

4. Matsuyama, Yumi, et al. "The role of soluble CD80 in patients with soft tissue tumors." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 17.1 (2022): 404. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-022-03283-2

The article indicates that the level of soluble CD80 (sCD80) in serum is significantly associated with a poor prognosis in patients with soft tissue sarcoma. High levels of sCD80 suggest a lower metastasis-free survival rate and overall survival rate, and may become a potential therapeutic target.

5. Kim, Yong‐Hee, Abir K. Panda, and Ethan M. Shevach. "Treg Control of CD80/CD86 Expression Mediates Immune System Homeostasis." European Journal of Immunology 55.5 (2025): e202551771. https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.202551771

The article indicates that in homeostasis, Treg cells maintain immune tolerance by regulating the expression of CD80/CD86. Research has found that clearing Treg can trigger the upregulation of CD80/CD86 in macrophages and dendritic cells, which in turn drives T cell activation and autoimmunity through the CD28 co-stimulatory signal. Blocking this pathway can completely reverse immune activation.

Creative Biolabs: CD80 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality CD80 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom CD80 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our CD80 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.