OTOP1

This gene encodes a transmembrane protein which belongs to the otopetrin domain protein family and is required for the formation of otoconia and otoliths, calcium carbonate biominerals within the inner ear of mammals that are required for the detection of linear acceleration and gravity. This gene modulates purinergic control of intracellular calcium in vestibular supporting cells. Naturally occurring mutations in the orthologous mouse gene are associated with nonsyndromic otoconia agenesis and a consequent balance defect. The orthologous mouse gene is also induced in white adipose tissue during obesity. The encoded protein is a component of a counterinflammatory pathway that attenuates obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation and plays an adaptive role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis in obesity.

Full Name

otopetrin 1

Function

Proton-selective channel that specifically transports protons into cells (PubMed:29371428).
Proton channel activity is only weakly-sensitive to voltage (By similarity).
Proton-selective channel activity is probably required in cell types that use changes in intracellular pH for cell signaling or to regulate biochemical or developmental processes (PubMed:29371428).
In the vestibular system of the inner ear, required for the formation and function of otoconia, which are calcium carbonate crystals that sense gravity and acceleration (By similarity).
Probably acts by maintaining the pH appropriate for formation of otoconia (By similarity).
Regulates purinergic control of intracellular calcium in vestibular supporting cells (By similarity).
May be involved in sour taste perception in sour taste cells by mediating entry of protons within the cytosol (By similarity).
Also involved in energy metabolism, by reducing adipose tissue inflammation and protecting from obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction (By similarity).

Biological Process

Biomineral tissue developmentIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Cellular response to insulin stimulusISS:UniProtKB
Detection of gravityIEA:Ensembl
Inner ear morphogenesisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Negative regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathwayISS:UniProtKB
Proton transmembrane transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB