SLC2A4

This gene is a member of the solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter) family and encodes a protein that functions as an insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter. In the absence of insulin, this integral membrane protein is sequestered within the cells of muscle and adipose tissue. Within minutes of insulin stimulation, the protein moves to the cell surface and begins to transport glucose across the cell membrane. Mutations in this gene have been associated with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 4

Insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter, which plays a key role in removal of glucose from circulation. Response to insulin is regulated by its intracellular localization: in the absence of insulin, it is efficiently retained intracellularly within storage compartments in muscle and fat cells. Upon insulin stimulation, translocates from these compartments to the cell surface where it transports glucose from the extracellular milieu into the cell.

Biological Process amylopectin biosynthetic processIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process brown fat cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process carbohydrate metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Biological Process cellular response to hypoxiaIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process cellular response to insulin stimulusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process cellular response to osmotic stressIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process cellular response to tumor necrosis factorIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process glucose homeostasisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Biological Process glucose import1 PublicationNAS:BHF-UCL
Biological Process glucose import in response to insulin stimulusISS:UniProtKB
Biological Process glucose transmembrane transportISS:UniProtKB
Biological Process learning or memoryISS:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process long-term memoryISS:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process monosaccharide transmembrane transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process positive regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathwayISS:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process regulation of synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membraneIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to ethanolIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process short-term memoryISS:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process transport across blood-brain barrier1 PublicationNAS:ARUK-UCL

Cell membrane
Endomembrane system
Cytoplasm, perinuclear region
Localizes primarily to the perinuclear region, undergoing continued recycling to the plasma membrane where it is rapidly reinternalized (PubMed:8300557).
The dileucine internalization motif is critical for intracellular sequestration (PubMed:8300557).
Insulin stimulation induces translocation to the cell membrane (By similarity)

Diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM):
A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by a lack of sensitivity to the body's own insulin. Affected individuals usually have an obese body habitus and manifestations of a metabolic syndrome characterized by diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. The disease results in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.

Sumoylated.
Palmitoylated (PubMed:28057756).
Palmitoylation by ZDHHC7 controls the insulin-dependent translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane (PubMed:28057756).