ARHGDIA

This gene encodes a protein that plays a key role in the regulation of signaling through Rho GTPases. The encoded protein inhibits the disassociation of Rho family members from GDP (guanine diphosphate), thereby maintaining these factors in an inactive state. Activity of this protein is important in a variety of cellular processes, and expression of this gene may be altered in tumors. Mutations in this gene have been found in individuals with nephrotic syndrome, type 8. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor Alpha

Controls Rho proteins homeostasis. Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the Rho proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them. Retains Rho proteins such as CDC42, RAC1 and RHOA in an inactive cytosolic pool, regulating their stability and protecting them from degradation. Actively involved in the recycling and distribution of activated Rho GTPases in the cell, mediates extraction from membranes of both inactive and activated molecules due its exceptionally high affinity for prenylated forms. Through the modulation of Rho proteins, may play a role in cell motility regulation. In glioma cells, inhibits cell migration and invasion by mediating the signals of SEMA5A and PLXNB3 that lead to inactivation of RAC1.

Negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of axonogenesis Source: Reactome
Negative regulation of cell adhesion Source: ProtInc
Positive regulation of axonogenesis Source: Reactome
Positive regulation of GTPase activity Source: GOC
Regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of Rho protein signal transduction Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction Source: Reactome
Rho protein signal transduction Source: GO_Central
Semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB

Cytoplasm

Nephrotic syndrome 8 (NPHS8): A form of nephrotic syndrome, a renal disease clinically characterized by progressive renal failure, severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and edema. Kidney biopsies show diffuse mesangial sclerosis, with small glomeruli, hypercellularity, increased extracellular matrix, and contracted/collapsed glomerular tufts surrounded by immature or abnormal podocytes.