BMP6

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. This protein regulates a wide range of biological processes including iron homeostasis, fat and bone development, and ovulation. Differential expression of this gene may be associated with progression of breast and prostate cancer. Mutations in this gene may be associated with iron overload in human patients.

bone morphogenetic protein 6

Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes including cartilage and bone formation (PubMed:31019025).
Plays also an important role in the regulation of iron metabolism by acting as a ligand for hemojuvelin/HJV (By similarity).
Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor ACVR1 and type II receptor ACVR2B (PubMed:18070108).
In turn, ACVR1 propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target. Can also signal through non-canonical pathway such as TAZ-Hippo signaling cascade to modulate VEGF signaling by regulating VEGFR2 expression (PubMed:33021694).

BMP signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCL
Cartilage development Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular iron ion homeostasis Source: BHF-UCL
Cellular response to BMP stimulus Source: BHF-UCL
Cellular response to iron ion Source: BHF-UCL
Cellular response to mechanical stimulus Source: Ensembl
Endochondral ossification Source: Ensembl
Eye development Source: Ensembl
Immune response Source: BHF-UCL
Inflammatory response Source: Ensembl
Kidney development Source: Ensembl
Male genitalia development Source: Ensembl
Multicellular organismal iron ion homeostasis Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of adherens junction organization Source: ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin Source: ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCL
Osteoblast differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of aldosterone secretion Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of bone mineralization Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of gene expression Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of neuron differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of protein secretion Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of vascular permeability Source: ARUK-UCL
Response to activity Source: Ensembl
Response to glucocorticoid Source: Ensembl
Response to magnesium ion Source: Ensembl
Response to retinoic acid Source: Ensembl
Skeletal system development Source: ProtInc
SMAD protein signal transduction Source: UniProtKB
Type B pancreatic cell development Source: BHF-UCL

Secreted

Glycosylated at Asn-454. Glycosylation is crucial for recognition by the activin receptor type I/ACVR1.