FTO Antibodies

Structure of FTO

The protein encoded by the FTO gene is an α -ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase with a molecular weight of approximately 58 kDa. This molecular weight is relatively conserved among different species, but there are subtle variations caused by differences in amino acid sequences.

This protein is composed of approximately 500 amino acid residues, and its three-dimensional structure presents a typical double-stranded β -helical folding. The core of the protein structure is a catalytic center composed of the JmjC domain, which catalyzes the demethylation of the substrate through the synergy of an α -ketoglutaric acid binding site and an iron ion. Its secondary structure is mainly composed of β -folding and connecting rings, forming a hydrophobic cavity to accommodate nucleic acid substrates. The key aspartic acid residues are responsible for chelating iron ions, while the arginine residue network is crucial for recognizing and binding to methylated nucleic acids.

Fig. 1 The role of FTO in health and disease.¹

Key structural properties of FTO:

• Unique double-stranded β -helical folded conformation
• Hydrophobic core region surrounded by a catalytic activity center
• Demethylation function is achieved by relying on the active sites of Fe(II) and α -ketoglutaric acid

Functions of FTO

The core function of the FTO protein is to catalyze the demethylation of nucleic acid m6A to regulate gene expression. In addition, it is also involved in various physiological and pathological processes such as energy balance, cell differentiation and metabolic syndrome.

The catalytic activity of FTO against m6A depends on Fe(II) and α -ketoglutarate. Its substrate range of action is not limited to mRNA but also includes certain types of snRNA, demonstrating its wide applicability in epigenetic regulation.

Applications of FTO and FTO Antibody in Literature

1. Azzam, Sarah Kassem, Habiba Alsafar, and Abdulrahim A. Sa**i. "FTO m6A demethylase in obesity and cancer: implications and underlying molecular mechanisms." International journal of molecular sciences 23.7 (2022): 3800. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073800

The article indicates that FTO is the first discovered RNA m6A demethylase, and its gene polymorphism is associated with obesity and the risk of various cancers. This enzyme affects tumorigenesis and adipogenesis by regulating m6A modification, and its inhibitors have become a new strategy for targeted therapy. This article aims to explore the mechanism of action of FTO in diseases.

2. Benak, Daniel, et al. "FTO in health and disease." Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 12 (2024): 1500394. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2024.1500394

The article indicates that FTO is an important RNA demethylase that widely influences RNA metabolism. Its dysfunction is closely related to many diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cancer. Inhibitors targeting FTO have emerged as a highly promising new therapeutic strategy, opening up new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases and tumors.

3. Xu, Yawei, et al. "FTO-mediated autophagy promotes progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via regulating SIK2 mRNA stability." International Journal of Biological Sciences 18.15 (2022): 5943. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.77774

This study reveals that FTO down-regulates the expression of SIK2 through the m6A-IGF2BP2 mechanism, inhibits autophagy, and thereby promotes the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Targeted inhibition of FTO can effectively curb tumor growth, indicating that FTO is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for ccRCC.

4. Chang, Rui, et al. "Emerging roles of FTO in neuropsychiatric disorders." BioMed research international 2022.1 (2022): 2677312. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2677312

The article indicates that the FTO gene, as an m6A demethylase, is highly expressed in the central nervous system. It plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders such as drug addiction, major depression and schizophrenia by regulating the m6A modification of related genes like dopamine.

5. Huang, Jiapeng, et al. "FTO suppresses glycolysis and growth of papillary thyroid cancer via decreasing stability of APOE mRNA in an N6-methyladenosine-dependent manner." Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 41.1 (2022): 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-022-02254-z

This study reveals for the first time the function of FTO as a tumor suppressor gene in PTC. It down-regulates APOE expression through m6A demethylation, thereby inhibiting the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and glycolysis, and ultimately curbing the growth of PTC tumors.

Creative Biolabs: FTO Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality FTO antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom FTO Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our FTO antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.