HHATL Antibodies

Structure of HHATL

The protein encoded by the HHATL gene (Hedgehog acyltransferase-like protein) is a transmembrane protein with a molecular weight of approximately 50-55 kDa. Its exact molecular weight may vary slightly among different species and tissues. The core function of this protein is related to its acyltransferase activity, which is responsible for catalyzing the lipid modification (such as palmitoylation) of key ligands in the Hedgehog signaling pathway. This process is crucial for the maturation, secretion, and long-distance signal transmission of the ligands. Its structure contains multiple transmembrane regions and a conserved acyltransferase domain, which together form a hydrophobic catalytic pocket to recognize and bind to specific lipid donors and Hedgehog protein substrates. The active site of the protein usually contains key histidine or aspartic acid residues, which participate in the catalytic reaction and maintain the stability of the enzyme's function. Abnormal regulation of the HHATL protein is closely related to embryonic development defects and the occurrence of certain tumors.

Fig. 1 Model of the role of Hhatl in ER stress.¹

Key structural properties of HHATL:

• Conservative transmembrane helical bundle structure
• Catalytic domains with hydrophobic cavities
• Characteristic histidine or aspartic acid residues located in the active center

Functions of HHATL

The main function of the protein encoded by the HHATL gene is to catalyze the lipid modification of ligands in the Hedgehog signaling pathway. However, it is also involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including cell fate determination and maintenance of tissue homeostasis.

Unlike most monomeric enzymes, the activity of HHATL exhibits high substrate specificity. Its catalytic efficiency strictly depends on the synergistic effect of the specific membrane environment and partner proteins, which demonstrates its role as a precise regulatory node in the complex signaling network.

Applications of HHATL and HHATL Antibody in Literature

1. Shi, Xingjuan, et al. "Hhatl ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress through autophagy by associating with LC3." Journal of Biological Chemistry 300.6 (2024): 107335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107335

The article indicates that endoplasmic reticulum stress can lead to cell apoptosis. This study found that the endoplasmic reticulum protein HHATL is downregulated during stress, and its overexpression promotes autophagy through LC3 interaction, alleviates stress and apoptosis, suggesting that the HHATL-autophagy pathway may be a potential therapeutic target.

2. Wang, Xinyue, et al. "Rescue RM/CS-AKI by blocking strategy with one-dose anti-myoglobin RabMAb." Nature Communications 16.1 (2025): 1044. https://doi.org/10.1155/ije/6615457

The study found that HHATL is expressed at a low level in diabetic retinopathy. Its overexpression can inhibit the endoplasmic reticulum stress signal of ATF6 and alleviate Müller cell apoptosis under high glucose conditions, suggesting that HHATL may be a potential therapeutic target.

3. Lucas, Cândida, et al. "Yeast Gup1 (2) proteins are homologues of the Hedgehog morphogens acyltransferases HHAT (L): facts and implications." Journal of Developmental Biology 4.4 (2016): 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb4040033

The article indicates that the HHAT and HHATL proteins respectively have homology with the yeast Gup2/Gup1 proteins and are involved in key physiological processes such as Hedgehog signal transduction. This article reviews their functions in eukaryotes and suggests unifying the related nomenclature to facilitate research.

4. Borden, Elizabeth S., et al. "Towards a transcriptomic biomarker for the classification of melanocytic neoplasms." PLoS genetics 21.10 (2025): e1011869. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011869

This study developed a transcriptomic biomarker based on 23 genes (including HHATL), which can effectively distinguish early melanoma from benign moles, and is expected to improve the accuracy of pathological diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma.

5. Ehrlich, Kenneth C., Carl Baribault, and Melanie Ehrlich. "Epigenetics of muscle-and brain-specific expression of KLHL family genes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21.21 (2020): 8394. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218394

This study, through the analysis of the entire genome map, discovered that 17 KLHL/KBTBD genes, including KLHL40/HHATL, have tissue-specific enhancer chromatin in skeletal muscle or the brain. The intron enhancers of these genes can regulate the expression of adjacent genes.

Creative Biolabs: HHATL Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality HHATL antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom HHATL Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our HHATL antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.