NRG3

This gene is a member of the neuregulin gene family. This gene family encodes ligands for the transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors ERBB3 and ERBB4 - members of the epidermal growth factor receptor family. Ligand binding activates intracellular signaling cascades and the induction of cellular responses including proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival or apoptosis. This gene encodes neuregulin 3 (NRG3). NRG3 has been shown to activate the tyrosine phosphorylation of its cognate receptor, ERBB4, and is thought to influence neuroblast proliferation, migration and differentiation by signalling through ERBB4. NRG3 also promotes mammary differentiation during embryogenesis. Linkage studies have implicated this gene as a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Additional transcript variants have been described but their biological validity has not been verified.

Full Name

Neuregulin 3

Function

Direct ligand for the ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptor. Binding results in ligand-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the receptor. Does not bind to the EGF receptor, ERBB2 or ERBB3 receptors. May be a survival factor for oligodendrocytes.

Biological Process

Animal organ developmentManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Chemorepulsion involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortexIEA:Ensembl
ERBB4 signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI
Intracellular signal transductionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Mammary placode formationIEA:Ensembl
Modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:SynGO
Negative regulation of neuron migrationIEA:Ensembl
Pattern specification processIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of cell growth1 PublicationNAS:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Pro-neuregulin-3, membrane-bound isoform
Cell membrane
Does not seem to be active.
Neuregulin-3
Secreted
Isoform 3
Cell membrane
Isoform 3 is also proteolytically released as a soluble form.

Topology

Extracellular: 1-360
Helical: 361-381
Cytoplasmic: 382-720

PTM

Proteolytic cleavage close to the plasma membrane on the external face leads to the release of the soluble growth factor form.
Extensive glycosylation precedes the proteolytic cleavage (By similarity).
Isoform 3 is glycosylated.