ACTA2 Antibodies

Structure of ACTA2

The molecular weight of α -smooth muscle actin encoded by the ACTA2 gene is approximately 42 kDa, and its molecular weight is highly conserved among different species. This protein is composed of 375 amino acids and has a typical actin folding structure. Its core structure includes an ATP binding slot and four subdomains. The secondary structure of ACTA2 is mainly β -lamellar and α -helical, among which the mutation of arginine at position 73 is closely related to familial thoracic aortic aneurysms. This protein forms microfilaments through polymerization, and the binding ability of the N-terminal acidic amino acid residues to calmodulin determines the contractile characteristics of vascular smooth muscle. Cysteine at position 312 of ACTA2 is a key site for reversible oxidative modification and directly affects the regulation of vascular tension.

Fig. 1 The predicted secondary structure of ACTA2.¹

Key structural properties of ACTA2:

• Conserved ATP-binding domains and divalent cation binding sites
• Actin polymerization interface mediated by clusters of N-terminal acidic amino acids
• Arginine mutation point 73rd (directly related to the onset of aortic aneurysm)
• Calmodulin-specific binding region composed of C-terminal phenylalanine residues

Functions of ACTA2

The ACTA2 gene encodes α -smooth muscle actin, whose core function is to maintain vascular structure and regulate contraction, and it is also involved in multiple pathophysiological processes:

Unlike the ACTB gene in skeletal muscle, the expression of ACTA2 is strictly limited by the smooth muscle lineage, and its promoter contains specific binding elements for serum response factor (SRF) and Myocardin. This regulatory characteristic makes ACTA2 a core molecular marker for vascular development and disease.

Applications of ACTA2 and ACTA2 Antibody in Literature

1. Yuan-Min, Shi. "[alpha]-Smooth Muscle Actin and ACTA2 Gene Expressions in Vasculopathies." BJCVS 30.6 (2015). https://doi.org/10.5935/1678-9741.20150081

The article indicates that the ACTA2 gene encodes α -smooth muscle actin, and its mutation can lead to various vascular lesions such as thoracic aortic aneurysm and coronary artery disease. Currently, the related pathogenic mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This article aims to explore the mechanism of action of ACTA2 mutations in vascular lesions.

2. Peng, Yi, aoxi Huang, and Hongmei Wang. "lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 predicts malignancy and poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer and regulates tumor progression via modulating miR-532-5p." BMC molecular and cell biology 23.1 (2022): 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12860-022-00432-7

This study found that in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the low expression of ACTA2-AS1 was significantly negatively correlated with the high expression of miR-532-5p, and both were closely related to the poor prognosis of patients. ACTA2-AS1 inhibits tumor progression by regulating miR-532-5p and can serve as a potential biomarker for TNBC.

3. Bobba, Christopher M., et al. "A highly penetrant ACTA2 mutation of thoracic aortic disease." Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 18.1 (2023): 352. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-023-02420-0

This study indicates that the R118Q mutation of the ACTA2 gene is associated with familial aortic disease. The study found that the penetrant rate of this mutation in carriers over 50 years old is as high as 100%, with an average age of onset of 57.8 years. It is recommended that such patients undergo strict aortic monitoring and actively consider elective surgery when the diameter reaches 4.5 centimeters.

4. Cooper, Kylie, and Stephen Brown. "ACTA2 mutation and postpartum hemorrhage: a case report." BMC Medical Genetics 18.1 (2017): 143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12881-017-0505-5

This study indicates that ACTA2 gene mutations are commonly seen in vascular diseases such as thoracic aortic aneurysms. This study reports for the first time a case of a pregnant female carrier experiencing postpartum uterine atony and severe bleeding due to the mutation, suggesting that this mutation may cause uterine smooth muscle dysfunction, which requires obstetric vigilance.

5. Lin, Chenxiao, et al. "Knockdown of lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 reverses cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells via inhibition of miR-378a-3p-regulated Wnt5a." Bioengineered 13.4 (2022): 9829-9838. https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2022.2061181

This study indicates that in ovarian cancer, ACTA2-AS1 promotes cisplatin resistance by competitively binding to miR-378a-3p, upregulating the expression of Wnt5a. Inhibition of ACTA2-AS1 can enhance the activity of miR-378a-3p and reduce Wnt5a, thereby reversing drug resistance and providing a new target for treatment.

Creative Biolabs: ACTA2 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality ACTA2 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom ACTA2 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our ACTA2 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.