CD160

CD160 (CD160 Molecule) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CD160 include Neurotrophic Keratopathy. Among its related pathways are Innate Immune System and T Cell Co-Signaling Pathway: Ligand-Receptor Interactions. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include receptor binding and MHC class I receptor activity.

Full Name

CD160 Molecule

Function

Receptor on immune cells capable to deliver stimulatory or inhibitory signals that regulate cell activation and differentiation. Exists as a GPI-anchored and as a transmembrane form, each likely initiating distinct signaling pathways via phosphoinositol 3-kinase in activated NK cells and via LCK and CD247/CD3 zeta chain in activated T cells (PubMed:19109136, PubMed:11978774, PubMed:17307798).
Receptor for both classical and non-classical MHC class I molecules (PubMed:9973372, PubMed:12486241).
In the context of acute viral infection, recognizes HLA-C and triggers NK cell cytotoxic activity, likely playing a role in anti-viral innate immune response (PubMed:12486241).
On CD8+ T cells, binds HLA-A2-B2M in complex with a viral peptide and provides a costimulatory signal to activated/memory T cells (PubMed:9973372).
Upon persistent antigen stimulation, such as occurs during chronic viral infection, may progressively inhibit TCR signaling in memory CD8+ T cells, contributing to T cell exhaustion (PubMed:25255144).
On endothelial cells, recognizes HLA-G and controls angiogenesis in immune privileged sites (PubMed:16809620).
Receptor or ligand for TNF superfamily member TNFRSF14, participating in bidirectional cell-cell contact signaling between antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes. Upon ligation of TNFRSF14, provides stimulatory signal to NK cells enhancing IFNG production and anti-tumor immune response (By similarity).
On activated CD4+ T cells, interacts with TNFRSF14 and downregulates CD28 costimulatory signaling, restricting memory and alloantigen-specific immune response (PubMed:18193050).
In the context of bacterial infection, acts as a ligand for TNFRSF14 on epithelial cells, triggering the production of antimicrobial proteins and proinflammatory cytokines (By similarity).

Biological Process

Adaptive immune response Source: UniProtKB-KW
Angiogenesis Source: UniProtKB-KW
Defense response to Gram-negative bacterium Source: Ensembl
Innate immune response Source: UniProtKB-KW
Mucosal immune response Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of adaptive immune memory response Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of angiogenesis Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell costimulation Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of interferon-gamma production Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of natural killer cell degranulation Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell Source: Ensembl
Regulation of immune response Source: Reactome
T cell costimulation Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cell membrane; Secreted. Released from the cell membrane by GPI cleavage.