EPHX2

This gene encodes a member of the epoxide hydrolase family. The protein, found in both the cytosol and peroxisomes, binds to specific epoxides and converts them to the corresponding dihydrodiols. Mutations in this gene have been associated with familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.

Full Name

Epoxide Hydrolase 2

Research Area

Bifunctional enzyme (PubMed:12574510).

The C-terminal domain has epoxide hydrolase activity and acts on epoxides (alkene oxides, oxiranes) and arene oxides (PubMed:12869654, PubMed:12574510, PubMed:22798687).

Plays a role in xenobiotic metabolism by degrading potentially toxic epoxides (By similarity).

Also determines steady-state levels of physiological mediators (PubMed:12869654, PubMed:12574510, PubMed:22798687, PubMed:21217101).

Bifunctional enzyme (PubMed:12574510).

The N-terminal domain has lipid phosphatase activity, with the highest activity towards threo-9,10-phosphonooxy-hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, followed by erythro-9,10-phosphonooxy-hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9Z-enoic acid and 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9E-enoic acid (PubMed:12574510).

Has phosphatase activity toward lyso-glycerophospholipids with also some lower activity toward lysolipids of sphingolipid and isoprenoid phosphates (PubMed:22217705, PubMed:22387545).

Biological Process

Cholesterol homeostasis Source: UniProtKB
Dephosphorylation Source: UniProtKB
Epoxide metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Phospholipid dephosphorylation Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of gene expression Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of cholesterol metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Response to toxic substance Source: UniProtKB-KW
Stilbene catabolic process Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm; Peroxisome

PTM

The N-terminus is blocked.
The covalent modification of cysteine by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin-J2 is autocatalytic and reversible. It may occur as an alternative to other cysteine modifications, such as S-nitrosylation and S-palmitoylation (Probable).