FABP5 Antibodies

Structure of FABP5

FABP5 (Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5) is a relatively small intracellular protein with a molecular weight of approximately 15.2 kDa. The molecular weight of this protein may vary slightly among different species, mainly due to minor changes in its amino acid sequence.

The main structural differences are as follows: Human FABP5 has a highly conserved amino acid sequence, and the core fatty acid binding domain is similar in mammals; there are individual amino acid substitutions among different species, which may affect its binding affinity to specific fatty acid ligands.

The FABP5 protein is composed of approximately 135 amino acid residues and exhibits a typical β-barrel-like folding structure. Its three-dimensional structure has a core that is a barrel-shaped cavity surrounded by 10 antiparallel β-sheet segments. This hydrophobic cavity is specifically used for binding long-chain fatty acid molecules. The N-terminal region of the protein forms a "lid" structure, regulating the entry and exit of ligands. The key amino acid residues (such as arginine and tyrosine) within the ligand binding pocket stabilize the fatty acid chain through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, determining the specificity and function of ligand binding.

Fig. 1 FABP5 Structure with 6 Cysteines¹

Key structural properties of FABP5:

• Typical β-barrel-like folding structure
• Hydrophobic ligand-binding pocket formed by 10 antiparallel β-strands
• Highly conserved arginine-tyrosine networks are used to bind fatty acid carboxyl heads
• The dynamic regulation of ligand entry and release in the N-terminal "lid" region

Functions of FABP5

The core function of the protein encoded by the FABP5 gene is to act as a transporter and regulator of fatty acids within cells. Additionally, it is also widely involved in various physiological and pathological processes such as cell signal transduction, proliferation and differentiation, and inflammatory responses.

Unlike single-function transport proteins, the ligand binding kinetics of FABP5 exhibit a broad-spectrum and adjustable characteristic, enabling it to respond to various lipid signals and integrate metabolic and signaling pathways. It plays a pivotal role in maintaining energy homeostasis and in disease development. Particularly in the tumor microenvironment, its upregulation is significantly associated with poor patient prognosis, highlighting its crucial role under pathological conditions.

Applications of FABP5 and FABP5 Antibody in Literature

1. Guo, Yuxian, et al. "Oxidative stress-induced FABP5 S-glutathionylation protects against acute lung injury by suppressing inflammation in macrophages." Nature communications 12.1 (2021): 7094. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27428-9

The article indicates that in acute lung injury, oxidative stress leads to a decrease in glutathione peroxidase 1 (Grx1) in macrophages. The study found that under oxidative conditions, the Cys127 site of FABP5 protein undergoes S-glutathionylation. This modification enhances its ability to bind fatty acids, enter the nucleus, and interact with PPARβ/δ, thereby activating anti-inflammatory target genes and alleviating the inflammatory response.

2. Zhang, Chunyu, et al. "FABP5 promotes lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer by reprogramming fatty acid metabolism." Theranostics 10.15 (2020): 6561. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.44868

Studies have confirmed that lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer is associated with the upregulation of FABP5 expression. This protein reprograms fatty acid metabolism and activates the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor metastasis. The study also found the regulatory effects of miR-144-3p and the hypoxic microenvironment on it, suggesting that FABP5 can be a potential therapeutic and diagnostic target.

3. Seo, Jieun, et al. "Fatty-acid-induced FABP5/HIF-1 reprograms lipid metabolism and enhances the proliferation of liver cancer cells." Communications biology 3.1 (2020): 638. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01367-5

The research reveals that in liver cancer, fatty acid binding protein FABP5 interacts with the transcription factor HIF-1α. FABP5 enhances the activity of HIF-1α by promoting its synthesis and interfering with its inhibitory binding, thereby driving lipid metabolism reprogramming and tumor progression. Both high expression of FABP5 and HIF-1α indicate a poor prognosis.

4. Ye, Mujie, et al. "FABP5 suppresses colorectal cancer progression via mTOR-mediated autophagy by decreasing FASN expression." International Journal of Biological Sciences 19.10 (2023): 3115. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.85285

The study found that FABP5 expression is downregulated in colorectal cancer. FABP5 binds to fatty acid synthase FASN, activates the ubiquitination degradation pathway, inhibits the mTOR signal and induces autophagy, thereby suppressing tumor growth. The upstream ALKBH5 can positively regulate FABP5 expression, revealing the crucial role of the ALKBH5/FABP5/FASN/mTOR axis.

5. Chen, Nan-Nan, et al. "Doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer is mediated via the activation of FABP5/PPARγ and CaMKII signaling pathway." Frontiers in Pharmacology 14 (2023): 1150861. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1150861

The study found that FABP5 is upregulated in drug-resistant breast cancer cells and enhances autophagy by regulating the PPARγ/CaMKII signaling axis, leading to resistance to doxorubicin. Inhibiting FABP5 can restore drug sensitivity, indicating that it can serve as a new target for overcoming chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer.

Creative Biolabs: FABP5 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality FABP5 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom FABP5 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our FABP5 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at info@creative-biolabs.com.