FSHB
The pituitary glycoprotein hormone family includes follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. All of these glycoproteins consist of an identical alpha subunit and a hormone-specific beta subunit. This gene encodes the beta subunit of follicle-stimulating hormone. In conjunction with luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone induces egg and sperm production. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Full Name
Follicle Stimulating Hormone Beta Subunit
Function
Together with the alpha chain CGA constitutes follitropin, the follicle-stimulating hormone, and provides its biological specificity to the hormone heterodimer. Binds FSHR, a G protein-coupled receptor, on target cells to activate downstream signaling pathways (PubMed:2494176, PubMed:24692546).
Follitropin is involved in follicle development and spermatogenesis in reproductive organs (PubMed:407105, PubMed:8220432).
Biological Process
Female gamete generation Source: ProtInc
Female pregnancy Source: ProtInc
Follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Hormone-mediated signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Positive regulation of bone resorption Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of cell migration Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of gene expression Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCL
Progesterone biosynthetic process Source: BHF-UCL
Regulation of osteoclast differentiation Source: Ensembl
Regulation of signaling receptor activity Source: UniProtKB
Sertoli cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Spermatogenesis Source: Ensembl
Transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCL
Cellular Location
Secreted. Efficient secretion requires dimerization with CGA.
Involvement in disease
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 24 without anosmia (HH24):
A form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a group of disorders characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. HH24 is characterized by primary amenorrhea in women, oligo or azoospermia with low to normal testosterone levels in men, and infertility.