GLRX2

Glutaredoxins (e.g., GLRX; MIM 600443) are a family of glutathione-dependent hydrogen donors that participate in a variety of cellular redox reactions.[supplied by OMIM

Full Name

glutaredoxin 2

Function

Glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase that facilitates the maintenance of mitochondrial redox homeostasis upon induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress. Involved in response to hydrogen peroxide and regulation of apoptosis caused by oxidative stress. Acts as a very efficient catalyst of monothiol reactions because of its high affinity for protein glutathione-mixed disulfides. Can receive electrons not only from glutathione (GSH), but also from thioredoxin reductase supporting both monothiol and dithiol reactions. Efficiently catalyzes both glutathionylation and deglutathionylation of mitochondrial complex I, which in turn regulates the superoxide production by the complex. Overexpression decreases the susceptibility to apoptosis and prevents loss of cardiolipin and cytochrome c release.

Biological Process

Aging Source: Ensembl
Apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
Cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB
Cell redox homeostasis Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to superoxide Source: Ensembl
DNA protection Source: UniProtKB
Glutathione metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of signal transduction Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB
Response to hydrogen peroxide Source: UniProtKB
Response to organic substance Source: UniProtKB
Response to redox state Source: UniProtKB
Response to temperature stimulus Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Isoform 1: Mitochondrion
Isoform 2: Nucleus