PAX5 Antibodies

Structure of PAX5

PAX5 is a transcription factor protein with a molecular weight of approximately 50 kDa, and its precise molecular weight may vary slightly depending on different splicing isomers.

This protein is composed of a series of functional domains as its primary structure, among which the most important ones include the N-terminal DNA-binding Paired Domain (Paired Domain, PD) and Homeodomain (Homeodomain, HD). These domains together form a module that can specifically recognize and bind to specific DNA sequences. Its tertiary structure presents a typical spherical shape. Through the "β -helical - angular - helical" motif in the PD domain, it precisely chimes with the DNA groove, achieving its transcriptional regulatory function on downstream target genes.

Fig. 1 Hallmarks of PAX5 gene alterations and expressed products.¹

Key structural properties of PAX5:

• Characteristic DNA-binding domain
• Specific DNA sequences are identified by conserved β-helix-turn-helix motifs
• Carboxyl terminal containing functional domain transcription regulation

Functions of PAX5

The core function of the PAX5 gene is to regulate the directional differentiation of B lymphocyte lineages and maintain cell identity. Its main physiological functions include:

The regulation of target genes by PAX5 exhibits dual-functional characteristics: it can act as both a transcriptional activator and an inhibitor. The realization of this function is highly dependent on the interacting protein complexes and specific chromatin environments, and its regulatory network is more complex and context-dependent than the typical "single-switch" mode.

Applications of PAX5 and PAX5 Antibody in Literature

1. Fouad, Fatma Mohamed, and Jehane I. Eid. "PAX5 fusion genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A literature review." Medicine 102.20 (2023): e33836. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000033836

The article indicates that in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), the PAX5 gene often undergoes mutations or fusions. For instance, it interacts with genes such as ETV6, FOXP1, ELN, and PML, affecting B-cell differentiation and promoting leukemia progression. Therefore, PAX5 has become an important target for studying the mechanism of leukemia and the diagnosis of B-ALL.

2. Nasri Nasrabadi, Parinaz, et al. "The pleiotropy of PAX5 gene products and function." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23.17 (2022): 10095. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231710095

The article indicates that PAX5 is a key transcription factor for maintaining B-cell lineage identity and regulating cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Its abnormal expression can drive various cancers such as leukemia. However, due to the complexity of its transcriptional products and their diverse functions in the regulatory network, it has not yet been applied as an effective biomarker or therapeutic target in clinical practice.

3. Li, Li, Daiquan Zhang, and Xinmei Cao. "EBF1, PAX5, and MYC: regulation on B cell development and association with hematologic neoplasms." Frontiers in Immunology 15 (2024): 1320689. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1320689

The article indicates that PAX5 is one of the key transcription factors regulating the development of B cells. In early lymphocytes, it collaborates with factors such as EBF1 to jointly regulate RAG mediated V(D)J rearrangement, a process that forms the basis for the generation of diverse B-cell receptors (BCRS). The abnormal expression of these key transcription factors may lead to the occurrence of hematological malignancies.

4. Gamez-Garcia, Andres, et al. "A SIRT7-dependent acetylation switch regulates early B cell differentiation and lineage commitment through Pax5." Nature Immunology 25.12 (2024): 2308-2319. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-024-01995-7

Research has found that the deacetylase SIRT7 regulates B cell development and orientation by removing the acetylation modification at the K198 site of the PAX5 protein, enhancing its stability and transcriptional activity. This SIRT7-PAX5 interaction mechanism is equally important in acute B lymphoblastic leukemia, and the high expression of SIRT7 predicts a better prognosis.

5. Yu, Jiyeon, et al. "Pax5 negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis through downregulation of Blimp1." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22.4 (2021): 2097. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042097

This study reveals that the transcription factor PAX5 plays a key negative regulatory role in osteoclast generation. PAX5 inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption function by down-regulating Blimp1. Transgenic mice overexpressing PAX5 exhibit a bone sclerosis-like phenotype with increased bone density and reduced bone resorption, confirming that the PAX5-BLIMP1 axis is an important pathway for regulating bone metabolism.

Creative Biolabs: PAX5 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality PAX5 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom PAX5 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our PAX5 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.